Rev Assoc Med Bras
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To define the profile of medical residents assisted by a mental health care service, aiming to contribute to the understanding of this group's needs. ⋯ The total of residents included was 2,131 with a follow-up time of 4,727 resident-years. Among them, computing first episode of care only, there were 104 residents assisted (4.9% residents assisted, or 2.2 residents assisted per 100 resident-years of follow-up). Their most frequent characteristics were: first year of residency (4.5%), age under 26 years (6.1%), female (6.9%), graduates from other schools (5.9%), and residents of cognitive specialties (6.7%). Psychiatric assistance in this sample shows an association with gender and factors related to a crisis of adaptation. The proportion of residents assisted has not increased during the period analyzed.