Rev Invest Clin
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Recently, studies had shown that incretin-based therapies could reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory markers. The data on the effects of incretin-based therapies on serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were inconsistent. ⋯ This meta-analysis suggests that incretin-based therapies, both GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4Is, can cause a significant reduction in hs-CRP in patients with T2DM, which is related to long intervention duration, better glycemic control, and more BMI decline.
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Secondary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a heterogeneous and unpredictable disease associated with various underlying conditions. ⋯ Evolution was heterogeneous: a better and more sustained response was documented in the infections group compared to SLE or the miscellaneous group.
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Review
Anti-PD-1 And Anti-PD-L1 Antibodies as Immunotherapy Against Cancer: A Structural Perspective.
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand, programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-L1), play key roles in the suppression of the cytotoxic activity of T cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed on various types of cancer cells, leading to immune evasion. In the past decade, therapeutic antibodies that target the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have been developed to inhibit the immune suppression triggered by these two proteins. ⋯ Furthermore, using their reported crystal structures, we discuss the similarities and differences between the PD-1/PD-L1 interface and the epitopes that are recognized by the antibodies. Detailed analyses of the contact residues involved in the ligand-receptor and target-antibody interactions have shown partial overlap. Altogether, the data presented here demonstrate that: (1) in contrast to other therapeutic antibodies, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 has a wide range of clinical applications; (2) these targeted therapies are not exempt from adverse effects; and (3) the characterization of the structural domains that are recognized by the antibodies can guide the development of new PD-1- and PD-L1-blocking agents.
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Severe pneumonia is the most common cause of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death due to novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) respiratory disease (COVID-19). Due to its rapid outbreak, units for the evaluation of febrile patients in the pre-hospital setting were created. ⋯ This sensible score may improve the risk stratification of COVID-19 patients in the pre-hospital setting.
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The biology of some hematological diseases varies among different populations. No previous studies have evaluated the clinical behavior of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) in México. ⋯ Some of MCL patients in Mexico have an indolent clinical course, particularly patients who achieve a CR to initial treatment and who undergo splenectomy.