Rev Invest Clin
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Review Case Reports
[Personalized treatment in non-small cell lung cancer].
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In this study are evaluated the usefulness of the buffy coat smear and panbacterial polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as diagnostic tests in the early detection of neonatal sepsis. ⋯ Buffy coat smear stains are easy, fast, and specific, while that of PCR was highly sensitive. Thus, both can be utilized as diagnostic tests.
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Comparative Study
[Associated factors to extubation failure of neonates and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia].
The extubation failure is a common problem in newborn (NB) and infants diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a situation that prolongs the mechanical ventilatory support (MVS) and increases the risk of further laryngotracheal and pulmonary damage that predisposes to fail in the procedure. There are no studies in the literature about this problem. ⋯ The study population consisted of 89 patients who were divided into 2 groups: group A (cases) with 69 patients and group B (controls) with 20 patients. The characteristic of the population studied in both groups showed no significant differences between them with p > 0.05. In multivariate analysis before the first extubation showed statistically significant patent ductus arteriosus for cases with p = 0.01. Before the second extubation in the cases group versus before the first extubation in the control group showed also in the multivariate analysis statistical significance only peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) > or = 14 cm H2O (in 3 of 69 cases and in 16 of 20 controls) (p < 0.001), as a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS. Patients with BPD the extubation should be planned closure of the ductus arteriosus when present, even without hemodynamically significant and with ventilator parameters most demanding as PIP would be > or = 14 cm H2O and moreover the latter in the second attempt at extubation, and to take into account other aspects known to decrease the incidence of extubation failure as far as possible, with improved prognosis.
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The effectiveness of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing surgical site infections has been demonstrated. Its utility is recognized for clean-contaminated procedures and some clean surgeries. Prophylactic antibiotics are used as intended to cover the most common germs in the surgical site; first and second generation cephalosporins are the most used. ⋯ The principles of antimicrobial prophylaxis in cancer surgery are the same as those described for general surgery; it is recommended to follow and comply with the standard criteria. In mastectomies and clean head and neck surgery there are specific recommendations that differ from non-cancer surgery. In the case of very extensive surgeries, such as pelvic surgery or bone surgery with reconstruction, extension of antibiotics for 48-72 h should be considered.
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Adhesion molecules in sepsis syndrome are correlated with the severity of illness and may be considered as predictors of survival outcome in adults. However, only few studies have been performed in infants and none using international criteria for sepsis. ⋯ ICAM-1 levels, number of amines and severity of sepsis levels predict mortality during 10 days of monitoring in infants younger than 1 year of age with sepsis.