Saudi Med J
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[No Abstract Available].
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There has been substantial changes to the methods of thyroid nodule management in the past decade, including new guidelines for performing thyroid ultrasound and biopsy. Genetic tests are now routinely used in some centers to aid in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules. ⋯ Considering the continuous increase in access to healthcare facilities in Saudi Arabia, we are expecting an upcoming epidemic of small incidentally detected thyroid nodules. This study highlights the major recent advancements in thyroid nodule management that are relevant to every Saudi physician and surgeon.
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To study the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) in Saudi patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with IBS treated at a private tertiary medical center in western Saudi Arabia between 2013 and 2017. We used ROME 3 criteria with data from the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression scale, and International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) to assess the prevalence of psychosomatic illness. ⋯ This coexistence of illness is partly explained by the functional nature of these illnesses. Collective efforts to provide multidisciplinary care is needed for these patients.
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Case Reports Observational Study
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency with confirmed molecular diagnosis. An important cause of hypoglycemia in children.
To draw attention towards fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) deficiency as an important cause of hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis and to implement preventive strategies. Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 7 Saudi patients with genetically confirmed FBPase deficiency from 2008 to 2018 at Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results: Participants ranged in age from 1-10 years, and all presented with recurrent hypoglycemia. All but one had associated severe metabolic acidosis, and 3 patients (42.9%) presented with hypoglycemia and severe acidosis since birth. ⋯ All patients have homozygous variants in the FBP1 gene. Conclusion: Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase is an important cause of hypoglycemia and acidosis; therefore, it is important to offer early molecular diagnostics in any child presenting with these symptoms. Molecular diagnostics should always be undertaken to confirm the diagnosis and for further preventive strategies.
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To report the corneal elevation and thickness values for Saudi myopes and to evaluate the differences between these parameters in subgroups of this target population. Methods: Pentacam corneal topographic maps of the right eyes of patients visiting Al-Hokama Eye Clinic, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, a tertiary eye center between January 2009 and December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed in this cross-sectional study. The patients were grouped into 3 categories based on their spherical readings: mild (-0.25 to -2.75D), moderate (-3.00 to -5.75D), and severe (≥-6.00D). Furthermore, patients with cylindrical readings of ≥-1.00 diopter were categorized as having myopic astigmatism, whereas those with less than -1.00 cylindrical diopter were categorized as having simple myopia. Results: Our sample was comprised of 1,276 patients; 838 (65.7%) had simple myopia and 438 (34.3%) had myopic astigmatism. ⋯ All of the measurements, except the apical PE and thinnest PE, were statistically significant across the simple and myopic astigmatism groups (p less than 0.05). Comparing the mild to moderate myopia groups revealed a significant difference in the apical AE (p=0.037). Moreover, the comparison between the mild and severe myopia groups revealed that the apical PE and the thinnest PE, as well as the central, apical, and thinnest pachymetry values were statistically significantly different (p less than 0.05). Conclusion: The corneal elevation indices and thicknesses specific to the Saudi myopes were found to be comparable to the international databases in terms of the elevation and thickness in some of the parameters.