Saudi Med J
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To assess the demographics and clinical factors of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) patients in Saudi Arabia and compared and analyzed the differences between the patients with and without lymph node metastasis (LNM). Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is a common thyroid cancer and is not usually detectable clinically but found incidentally after pathologic evaluation of thyroid tissue following surgery for benign thyroid disorders. However, these tumors have a significant risk of LNM. ⋯ Higher Bethesda class, pathology type, extrathyroidal extension, extracapsular extension, lymphovascular invasion, and RAI-treated residual tumors were strongly linked to LNM.
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To determine the prevalence of leukemia in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia and the importance of hematological, biochemical and coagulation profiles for leukemic patients in the context of disease management. ⋯ Of the 210 leukemia cases diagnosed in the Aseer region between 2012-2022, the most common subtype was chronic myeloid leukemia, followed by acute myeloid leukemia. In all leukemia subtypes, distinctive significant changes were observed in hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, and coagulation profiles.
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To analyze factors related to stunting in Papua region. ⋯ There are eight variables associated with stunting, namely residence, age of mother, mother's education, mother's occupation, economic status, child's age, gender, and EBFI. Prioritization of stunting interventions in Papua should be targeted at mothers who living in rural, having low education, and not doing early breastfeeding initiation.
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Lung cancer is a complicated and challenging disease and is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Within the lung microenvironment, specific cytokines, including the B cell activation factor (BAFF) and the A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), are produce by various cells, notably airway epithelial cells, in response allergic inflammation or pulmonary infection. These cytokines play a critical role in maintaining local immune responses and fostering the survival of immune cells. ⋯ This review highlights recent studies on the involvement of BAFF and APRIL in various cancers, focusing mainly on their role in lung cancer, and discusses the possibility of these molecules in contributing to drug resistance and cancer progression following pulmonary infection. We suggest consideration the targeting BAFF and APRIL or their respective receptors as promising novel therapies for effective treatment of lung cancer, especially post pulmonary infection. However, it remains important to conduct further investigations to fully elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying how the BAFF and APRIL systems enhance cancer survival and drug resistance subsequent pulmonary infections.
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To compare the prognosis of bacteremic pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) pathogens. ⋯ Patients diagnosed with KP-BP exhibited a similar prognosis as those diagnosed with E. coli-BP. For patients with KP-BP, the risk of mortality was significantly higher for those who were in the intensive care unit, were infected with carbapenem-resistant strains, or had a high sequential organ failure assessment score. In patients with E. coli-BP, the Pitt bacteremia score was strongly associated with the 30-day mortality rate.