Saudi Med J
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To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of Venous thromboembolism (VTE) among total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients following surgery. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of electronic medical records of consecutive patients between January 2010 and January 2015 who underwent TKA or THA at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results: The incidence of symptomatic VTE was 1.9% (17 events, 95% CI: 1.1-2.8) in 756 patients who underwent 889 surgeries. All VTE cases developed before hospital discharge. ⋯ Based on univariate risk analysis, bilateral arthroplasty was the only potential predictor for VTE after surgery. Conclusion: The rate of symptomatic VTE in a Saudi population following arthroplasty is low and comparable to the international data. However, efforts and more trials are needed to further improve in-hospital thromboprophylaxis measures.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluation of the effects of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil on pain with the analgesia nociception index in the perioperative period in hysteroscopies under general anesthesia. A randomized prospective study.
Objectives To compare analgesia nociception index (ANI) values, visual analog scale (VAS) values, and hemodynamic parameters in hysteroscopy patients who received remifentanil and dexmedetomidine during general anesthesia. Methods: In total, 30 patients who underwent hysteroscopy between March and September 2016 at the University of Health Sciences Fatih Sultan Mehmet Health Research and Application Center, Ankara, Turkey were included in this prospective study. Standard hemodynamic monitoring, ANI, and bispectral index (BIS) monitoring were applied to the patients. ⋯ Perioperative and postoperative analgesia levels (ANI and VAS, respectively), hemodynamics, and complications were recorded. Results: Even though the ANI levels in Group D were lower at the perioperative 5th and 10th minutes, the ANI values were between the targeted limits, except for the measurement after I-gel insertion, in both groups. Hemodynamic parameters were within normal limits, but the mean arterial pressures in Group R after induction, following I-gel placement, and at the perioperative 5th, 10th, and 20th minutes were lower and at postoperative 30th minute were significantly higher. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine and remifentanil are both efficacious agents for perioperative analgesia in hysteroscopy cases.
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To determine the distribution and resistance profiles of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in intensive care units (ICUs) at King Abdullah Hospital in Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A record based retrospective study was conducted from December 2016 to January 2018. In total, 3736 non-duplicate clinical specimens from the general intensive care unit (ICU), neonatal ICU (NICU), and coronary CU (CCU) were analyzed for pathogens. Results: Of 3736 specimens, 9.6% (358) were positive for pathogens, and GNB constituted the majority (290/358; 81%). Acinetobacter is predominant in the general ICU, whereas Klebsiella pneumoniae is common in the NICU and CCU. ⋯ GNB exhibited a high rate of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes (67.9%) with a higher level among Acinetobacter spp. (97.5%). There were no significant differences in the resistance rates of GNB from different ICUs except for imipenem (p=0.002) and ciprofloxacin (p=0.003). Conclusions: Increased antimicrobial resistance with high proportions of MDR patterns were found among GNB from ICUs. Comprehensive surveillance programs are needed to track the origins and emergence pathways of resistant pathogens.
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To determine the histopathological pattern of skin cancer in Madinah region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: This is a retrospective study including all cases with a histological diagnosis of skin cancer diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia, between January 2006 and December 2017. Data included age, gender, site and histology of the tumor were collected from histopathological reports and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21. Results: Among the 202 cancer cases studied in our series, there were 124 (61.4%) cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 33 (16.3%) cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 14 (6.8%) cases of mycosis fungoides (MF), 12 (5.8%) cases of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) and 7 (3.7%) cases of malignant melanomas (MM). The male to female ratio for all cases was 2.2:1. ⋯ The peak age distribution was in the 60-69 year group. The most common site involved in BCC and SCC was the head and neck (92.7% and 66.7%) respectively). Acral distribution of MM was seen in 57.1% of the cases. Conclusion: Our data based on the histopathology history in the Madinah region match that in the world literature and Saudi national studies.
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To evaluate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) over-expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its role in carcinogenesis and prognosis. ⋯ Cyclooxygenase-2 over-expression increases during normal-adenoma-carcinoma sequence, moreover COX-2 over-expression is associated with advanced tumor stage and Ki67 over-expression. These findings suggest a significant role of COX-2 in the carcinogenesis and prognosis of CRC in our study population.