Singap Med J
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Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a common presentation in the primary care setting and can be significantly painful and disabling. The condition progresses in three stages: freezing (painful), frozen (adhesive) and thawing, and is often self-limiting. ⋯ However, many physicians may find themselves limited to prescribing medications for treatment. This article elaborates on physical therapy exercises targeted at adhesive capsulitis, which can be used in combination with common analgesics.
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is frequently associated with cholelithiasis. The prevalence of NAFLD in Asia has been on the rise, but the magnitude of this increase had not been studied previously. ⋯ Similar to other international studies, we found a significant increase in the prevalence of patients with NAFLD presenting symptomatically for cholecystectomy over an interval of ten years in Singapore. Hypertension and Indian ethnicity were significantly associated with NAFLD in both time periods. This trend supports the need for concerted public health intervention to stem the increasing incidence of NAFLD and prevent its progression to more advanced liver disease.
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This study aimed to determine ethnic differences in the proximal femur morphology of elderly patients with femoral neck fractures in Singapore. ⋯ We found statistically significant differences in the femoral head sizes and calcar-to-canal width ratios among women of different ethnic groups. There were also differences in neck-shaft angles between Chinese and Indian women, and between Malay and Indian women.