Neurology
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Comparative Study
Warfarin, hematoma expansion, and outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage.
Warfarin increases mortality of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The authors investigated whether this effect reflects increased baseline ICH volume at presentation or increased ICH expansion. ⋯ Warfarin did not increase ICH volume at presentation but did raise the risk of in-hospital hematoma expansion. This expansion appears to mediate part of warfarin's effect on ICH mortality.
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A systematic review of the literature on postherpetic neuralgia was performed. The authors identified studies using the National Library of Medicine's Medline database and Cochrane Library database. The authors determined absolute reduction rate, number needed to treat (NNT), 95% CI for NNT, and number needed to harm (NNH) for successful therapies of postherpetic neuralgia. Tricyclic antidepressants, gabapentin, pregabalin, opioids, and lidocaine patch were found to be effective in reducing the pain of postherpetic neuralgia.
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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) may affect brain regions outside the temporal lobe, causing impaired neocortical function during seizures. ⋯ Prominent irregular slowing occurs in bilateral frontal and ipsilateral parietal association cortex during and after temporal lobe seizures. EEG slowing in the frontoparietal association cortex may signify physiologic impairment that contributes to widespread altered cerebral function during partial seizures.
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Multicenter Study
The prevalence of pain in multiple sclerosis: a multicenter cross-sectional study.
In a multicenter cross-sectional study, the authors assessed pain in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) using a symptom-oriented approach. Out of 2,077 questionnaires, we used 1,672 for data analysis. ⋯ Comparison between different groups showed significant differences for age, Expanded Disability Status Scale, disease duration, and disease course, but not for sex. This study underlines the relevance of pain in the clinical history of MS.
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To study the role of perirhinal (PC) and entorhinal cortices (EC) in dreamy state symptoms (déjà vu and reminiscence of scenes). These phenomena have been attributed to functional alteration of memory networks supported by the medial temporal lobes, principally involving the amygdala and hippocampus. The role of sub-hippocampal structures (EC and PC) in inducing these phenomena has not previously been addressed. ⋯ This study strongly suggests that experiential symptoms are largely dependent upon functional modification of the physiology of the rhinal cortices.