Neurology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Double-blind placebo-controlled trial of adjunctive levetiracetam in pediatric partial seizures.
To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam (LEV) as adjunctive therapy in children (4 to 16 years) with treatment-resistant partial-onset seizures. ⋯ Levetiracetam adjunctive therapy administered at 60 mg/kg/day is efficacious and well tolerated in children with treatment-resistant partial seizures.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
HIV neuropathy natural history cohort study: assessment measures and risk factors.
Distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) is the most common neurologic complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Risk factors for DSP have not been adequately defined in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. ⋯ In this cohort of advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects, distal sensory polyneuropathy was common and relatively stable over 48 weeks. Previously established risk factors, including CD4 cell count, plasma HIV RNA, and use of dideoxynucleoside antiretrovirals were not predictive of the progression of distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP). Distal epidermal denervation was associated with worsening of DSP. As compared with the Total Neuropathy Score, the brief peripheral neuropathy screen had relatively low sensitivity and high specificity for the diagnosis of DSP.
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Clinical Trial
Rapid infusion of cold saline (4 degrees C) as adjunctive treatment of fever in patients with brain injury.
The use of rapid infusion of large-volume cold saline (CS) as an adjunctive therapy for treating refractory fever in nine patients is reported. A decline in temperature (39.2 +/- 0.3 vs 37.1 +/- 1.2 degrees C, p = 0.006) at 2 hours and fever burden (97.3 +/- 343.8 vs 734.3 +/- 422.3 degrees C*min, p = 0.02) at 12 hours was noted after CS bolus. Rapid infusion of large-volume CS may be used as an adjunct for inducing normothermia in refractory febrile patients.