Neurology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Vitamins and entacapone in levodopa-induced hyperhomocysteinemia: a randomized controlled study.
Elevated homocysteine is associated with increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and dementia. Therapy of Parkinson disease (PD) with levodopa elevates homocysteine. ⋯ Levodopa initiation caused a small elevation in homocysteine. Vitamin therapy, but not entacapone, resulted in a decrease in homocysteine compared to placebo.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Neuropathology of older persons without cognitive impairment from two community-based studies.
To examine the relation of National Institute on Aging-Reagan (NIA-Reagan) neuropathologic criteria of Alzheimer disease (AD) to level of cognitive function in persons without dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). ⋯ Alzheimer disease pathology can be found in the brains of older persons without dementia or mild cognitive impairment and is related to subtle changes in episodic memory.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Double-blind placebo-controlled trial of adjunctive levetiracetam in pediatric partial seizures.
To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam (LEV) as adjunctive therapy in children (4 to 16 years) with treatment-resistant partial-onset seizures. ⋯ Levetiracetam adjunctive therapy administered at 60 mg/kg/day is efficacious and well tolerated in children with treatment-resistant partial seizures.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
HIV neuropathy natural history cohort study: assessment measures and risk factors.
Distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) is the most common neurologic complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Risk factors for DSP have not been adequately defined in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. ⋯ In this cohort of advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects, distal sensory polyneuropathy was common and relatively stable over 48 weeks. Previously established risk factors, including CD4 cell count, plasma HIV RNA, and use of dideoxynucleoside antiretrovirals were not predictive of the progression of distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP). Distal epidermal denervation was associated with worsening of DSP. As compared with the Total Neuropathy Score, the brief peripheral neuropathy screen had relatively low sensitivity and high specificity for the diagnosis of DSP.