Neurology
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To investigate whether the presence of cerebral microbleeds, which present as focal lesions on imaging, is associated with a diffuse loss of white matter microstructural integrity in the brain. ⋯ Presence of microbleeds relates to poorer microstructural integrity of brain white matter, even after adjusting for cardiovascular risk and other markers of cerebral small-vessel disease. Our data suggest that microbleeds reflect diffuse brain pathology, even when only a single microbleed is present.
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease causing motor neuron loss and weakness. Worldwide prevalence is 4-6/100,000. Incidence is 1.5-2.7/100,000 per year and may be increasing. ⋯ A major roadblock for comparison across populations is the lack of epidemiologic data about ALS from many underdeveloped regions. In these regions, ALS is often undertreated due to health care disparities. This article discusses challenges for ALS research in South America (SA) and examines the ALS scientific record to explore the interactions and synergies of research, clinical care, and patient advocacy in underdeveloped regions.
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Based on recent findings of microhemorrhages (MHs) in the corpus callosum (CC) in 3 individuals after nonfatal high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE), we hypothesized that hemosiderin depositions in the brain after high-altitude exposure are specific for HACE and remain detectable over many years. ⋯ MHs detectable by susceptibility-weighted MRI predominantly in the splenium of the CC are long-lasting footprints of HACE.
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To investigate the association of renal impairment on functional outcome and complications in stroke patients treated with IV thrombolysis (IVT). ⋯ Renal function significantly modified outcome and complication rates in IVT-treated stroke patients. Lower GFR might be a better risk indicator for sICH than age. A decrease of GFR by 10 mL/min/1.73 m(2) seems to have a similar impact on the risk of death or sICH as a 1-point-higher NIH Stroke Scale score measuring stroke severity.