Ann Urol
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A urinoma is an encapsulated extravasation of urine which can be secondary to trauma or which can occur spontaneously. The essential factors are continued renal function, rupture of the collecting system and distal obstruction. ⋯ This lipolysis may be due to a mass effect as no direct effect of the urine on adipocytes has ever be demonstrated. Early diagnosis by CT scan allows easier treatment: in certain cases, percutaneous drainage alone may be sufficient.
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Brachytherapy can represent the exclusive treatment of localized prostatic adenocarcinoma. Several techniques have been described: permanent implantations with 125-iodine or 198-gold seeds or temporary implantations with 192-iridium. These implantations are performed either via a retropubic approach, often combined with pelvic lymphadenectomy, or via a transperineal approach, with or without ultrasound guidance. ⋯ One of the strongest prognostic factors is lymph node involvement. The comparison between brachytherapy and other treatment modalities such as radical prostatectomy or external irradiation or even expectant management in localized tumors has never been performed prospectively. This type of randomized trial appears to be necessary in the assessment of the results published with brachytherapy.