Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology
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Scand. J. Gastroenterol. · Jun 2021
Distribution of mucosal PD-1 expressing T cells in patients with colitis of different etiologies.
Immunotherapy, targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1) enhances antitumor T-cell activity in patients with malignancies. Blocking PD-1 or its ligand may lead to fulminant colitis as serious adverse event in these patients. Since little is known of the presence and role of PD-1+T cells in colitis of different etiologies, we determined PD-1+T cells in mucosal specimens of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, infectious colitis (InfC), immunotherapy-related colitis (ImC) and healthy controls (HC). ⋯ There are relevant differences in distribution and frequencies of mucosal PD-1+ T-cell subsets in patients with UC, CD, InfC and ImC, supporting the hypothesis that these types of colitis are driven by different immunological pathways. The increased numbers of PD-1+ and PD-L1+ lymphocytes in the colonic mucosa of UC patients suggest that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway might be more activated in UC than in CD.
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Scand. J. Gastroenterol. · Jun 2021
CommentInflammatory bowel disease and SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: current knowledge and recommendations.
In the last year, we are facing a pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 which causes a disease called COVID-19. In everyday practice, we encounter a number of issues related to IBD patients and COVID-19. ⋯ In this review, we have made a synthesis of previous knowledge regarding the main issues such as IBD patients and risk of SARS-CoV-2infection/COVID-19, outcomes of IBD patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, treatment of IBD patients in the pandemic era, endoscopy in the pandemic era, vaccination, and patient's perception and well-being during the pandemic era. The main goal of our paper is to summarize current knowledge in this literature review.
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Scand. J. Gastroenterol. · Feb 2021
Comparison of the effects of colonic electrical stimulation and prucalopride on gastrointestinal transit and defecation in a canine model of constipation.
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of colonic electrical stimulation (CES) and prucalopride on gastrointestinal transit and defecation and to verify the safety of CES in a canine model of constipation. ⋯ CES and prucalopride treatment may yield similar short-term effects for improving gastrointestinal transit and stool consistency, and CES outperformed prucalopride treatment in terms of defecation inducement in the short term. There were ideal levels of endurance and histocompatibility for the animals that underwent CES.
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Scand. J. Gastroenterol. · Dec 2020
Efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Studies evaluating the role of tranexamic acid in acute upper GI bleeding (UGIB) have reported conflicting results. In this systematic review, we have evaluated the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in UGIB. ⋯ Tranexamic acid does not improve outcomes in UGIB and may increase the risk of venous thromboembolic events.
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Scand. J. Gastroenterol. · Oct 2020
Observational StudyThe risks and characteristics of the delayed bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric carcinoma in cases with anticoagulants.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a minimally invasive treatment for early gastric carcinoma. Vitamin K antagonists and direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) were reported to increase the risk of delayed bleeding after ESD. However, the evaluation of ESD cases taking anticoagulants is scarce. We analyzed the risk and characteristics of delayed bleeding after gastric ESD in patients on anticoagulants. ⋯ Anticoagulants were associated with a high incidence of severe delayed bleeding. Careful attention should be paid to patients on anticoagulants after gastric ESD, especially those on warfarin after heart valve replacement.