Obstetrics and gynecology
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Placental abruption complicates about 1% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of vaginal bleeding in the latter half of pregnancy. It is also an important cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. The maternal effect of abruption depends primarily on its severity, whereas its effect on the fetus is determined both by its severity and the gestational age at which it occurs. ⋯ Similarly, abruption at extremely preterm gestations may be managed conservatively in selected stable cases, with close monitoring and rapid delivery should deterioration occur. Most cases of placental abruption cannot be predicted or prevented. However, in some cases, maternal and infant outcomes can be optimized through attention to the risks and benefits of conservative management, ongoing evaluation of fetal and maternal well-being, and through expeditious delivery where appropriate.
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Obstetrics and gynecology · Oct 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialBotulinum toxin type A for chronic pain and pelvic floor spasm in women: a randomized controlled trial.
To estimate whether botulinum toxin type A is more effective than placebo at reducing pain and pelvic floor pressure in women with chronic pelvic pain and pelvic floor muscle spasm. ⋯ Australian Clinical Trials Registry, http://www.actr.org.au/, ACTRN012605000515695 LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: I.
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To evaluate risks for intraoperative or postoperative packed red blood cell transfusion in women who underwent cesarean delivery. ⋯ II-2.
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Obstetrics and gynecology · Oct 2006
Multicenter StudyFetal injury associated with cesarean delivery.
To describe the incidence and type of fetal injury identified in women undergoing cesarean delivery. ⋯ II-3.
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Obstetrics and gynecology · Oct 2006
Reliability and validity of self-reported symptoms for predicting vulvodynia.
To evaluate the reliability and validity of self-reported symptoms to predict vulvodynia, compared with examination-based confirmation. ⋯ II-2.