Respiratory care
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Editorial Randomized Controlled Trial
Randomized Controlled Trial of Cryoanalgesia (Ice Bag) to Reduce Pain Associated With Arterial Blood Gas Puncture.
Arterial puncture can be a painful procedure for many patients. This study investigates whether precooling of a puncture site with ice can reduce the pain associated with arterial puncture. ⋯ Ice application before arterial puncture is well tolerated and reduces procedure-related pain. (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02065115).
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Comparative Study
Physicochemical Aspects and Efficiency of Albuterol Nebulization: Comparison of Three Aerosol Types in an In Vitro Pediatric Model.
Advances in nebulizer design have produced both ultrasonic nebulizers and devices based on a vibrating mesh (vibrating mesh nebulizers), which are expected to enhance the efficiency of aerosol drug therapy. The aim of this study was to compare 4 different nebulizers, of 3 different types, in an in vitro model using albuterol delivery and physical characteristics as benchmarks. ⋯ The in vitro model was effective for comparing nebulizer types, demonstrating important differences between nebulizer types. The new devices, both the ultrasonic nebulizers and vibrating mesh nebulizers, delivered more aerosolized drug than traditional jet nebulizers.
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Previous reports have demonstrated that prior cardiac surgery is independently associated with in-hospital mortality after infant tracheostomy. We aimed to determine whether these infants would continue to be at increased risk for death following hospital discharge. ⋯ Prior cardiac surgery is independently associated with decreased survival within 1 y following tracheostomy. Clinicians and families of infants with prior cardiac surgery in whom tracheostomy after cardiac surgery is deemed necessary should consider this risk when planning long-term care.
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The need for prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) after cardiac surgery is still a common problem. We hypothesized that subjects who required PMV after a single surgery (either coronary artery bypass grafting or valve surgery) would have better outcomes than those who had experienced both revascularization and valve surgery. ⋯ These results suggest that patients needing PMV after combined cardiac surgery may suffer worse outcomes than those needing PMV after simple cardiac surgery.