BMC anesthesiology
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Comparative Study Observational Study
Comparison of the resonance sonorheometry based Quantra® system with rotational thromboelastometry ROTEM® sigma in cardiac surgery - a prospective observational study.
Measures of the sonorheometry based Quantra® viscoelastic hemostatic analyzer (HemoSonics, LCC, Charlottesville, VA, USA) were compared with corresponding results of the ROTEM® sigma device (Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, MA, USA). ⋯ The Quantra showed a strong correlation with the ROTEM sigma for determining clot times and clot stiffness and the parameters assess similar aspects of clot development. However, these parameters are not directly interchangeable and implicate that separate cut-off values need to be established for users of the Quantra device. Word count: 278.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized trial evaluating the safety profile of sugammadex in high surgical risk ASA physical class 3 or 4 participants.
The aim of this randomized, double-blind trial was to evaluate the safety and tolerability profile, including cardiac safety, of sugammadex-mediated recovery from neuromuscular block in participants undergoing surgery who met the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Class 3 or 4 criteria. Specifically, this study assessed the impact of sugammadex on cardiac adverse events (AEs) and other prespecified AEs of clinical interest. ⋯ Compared with neostigmine/glycopyrrolate, incidence of TE sinus bradycardia was significantly lower with sugammadex 2 mg/kg and incidence of TE sinus tachycardia was significantly lower with sugammadex 2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg. These results support the safety of sugammadex for reversing rocuronium- or vecuronium-induced moderate and deep neuromuscular block in ASA Class 3 or 4 participants.
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Review Case Reports
Supra-systemic pulmonary hypertension after complicated percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty: a case report and review of literature.
The World Symposium of Pulmonary Hypertension in 2018, updated the definition of pulmonary hypertension (PH) as mean pulmonary artery pressures (PAP) > 20 mmHg. Pulmonary venous hypertension secondary to left-heart disease, constitutes the most common cause of PH, and the determination of a co-existent pre-capillary (primary) PH becomes paramount, particularly at the moment of evaluating and managing patients with heart failure. Pulmonary artery pressures above the systemic pressures define supra-systemic PH and generally leads to frank right ventricular failure and high mortality. ⋯ This case report illustrates the perioperative implications of combined pre- and post-capillary PH and supra-systemic PH, as this has not been widely discussed in previous literature. A thorough literature review of the clinical characteristics of PH, methods to determine co-existent pre- and post-capillary PH components, as well as concomitant right ventricular failure is presented. Severe PH has known detrimental effects on the hemodynamic status of patients, which can ultimately lead to a decrease in effective cardiac output and poor tissue perfusion.
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Comparative Study
Comparative analysis of the effects of opioids in angiogenesis.
Angiogenesis, the formation of blood vessel from pre-existing ones, plays an important role in many pathophysiological diseases, such as cancer. Opioids are often used in clinic for the management of chronic pain in cancer patients at terminal phases. Here, we investigated and compared the effects and mechanisms of four opioids on angiogenesis. ⋯ Our work demonstrates the differential effects and mechanisms of opioids on angiogenesis.
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Despite well-defined recommendations, prolonged fasting times for clear fluids and solids are still common before elective surgery in adults. Extended fasting times may lead to discomfort, thirst, hunger and physiological dysfunctions. Previous studies have shown that prolonged fasting times are frequently caused by patients being misinformed as well as inadequate implementation of the current guidelines by medical staff. This study aimed to explore how long elective surgery patients fast in a German secondary care hospital before and after the introduction of an educational note for patients and re-training for the medical staff. ⋯ The study showed considerably extended actual fasting times in elective adult surgical patients, which were significantly reduced by simple educational/training interventions. However, the actual fasting times still remained considerably longer than defined in recommended guidelines, meaning further process optimisations like obligatory fluid intake in the early morning are necessary to improve patient comfort and safety in future.