Pediatric clinics of North America
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Pediatr. Clin. North Am. · Jun 2009
Review Historical ArticleDelivery room management of the newborn.
Neonatal resuscitation is an attempt to facilitate the dynamic transition from fetal to neonatal physiology. This article outlines the current practices in delivery room management of the neonate. ⋯ The importance of communication with other members of the health care team and the family is discussed. Finally, future trends in neonatal resuscitation are explored.
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Pediatr. Clin. North Am. · Jun 2009
Review Historical ArticleUse of therapeutic hypothermia for term infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
Newborn encephalopathy represents a clinical syndrome with diverse causes, many of which may result in brain injury. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy represents a subset of newborns with encephalopathy and, in contrast to other causes, may have a modifiable outcome. Laboratory research has demonstrated robust neuroprotection associated with reductions of brain temperature following hypoxia-ischemia in animals. ⋯ Clinical trials have translated laboratory observations into successful interventions. Hypoxicischemic encephalopathy is often unanticipated, unavoidable, and may occur in any obstetric setting. Pediatricians and other providers based in community hospitals play a critical role in the initial assessment, recognition, and stabilization of infants who may be candidates for therapeutic hypothermia.
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Pediatr. Clin. North Am. · Jun 2009
Historical ArticleRegionalization and mortality in neonatal intensive care.
This article examines the outcome data for very low birth weight infants in low-volume, mid-volume, and high-volume neonatal ICUs (NICUs) and argues for regionalization of NICU services on the basis of both medical outcomes and economic rationality. It recognizes some of the obstacles to regionalization of these services and presents ways to surmount them.
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Pediatr. Clin. North Am. · Jun 2009
Review Historical ArticleNeurodevelopmental outcome of the premature infant.
Advances in antenatal medicine and neonatal intensive care have successfully resulted in improved survival rates of preterm infants. These improvements have been most dramatic in infants born extremely low birth weight (ELBW,