Acta anaesthesiologica Belgica
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We have studied the effects of enflurane on intracranial pressure (ICP) in 9 neurosurgical patients, whose ICP was continuously monitored for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. The control ICP was under 15 Torr in 5 cases, under 20 Torr in 3 cases and of 25 Torr in one case. In order to achieve stable ventilatory conditions, the patients were kept under controlled ventilation, breathing a mixture of 60 to 70% nitrous oxide and oxygen. ⋯ The overall changes, however, are not significant. There is a small significant decrease of MAP and CPP under 2% enflurane when compared to control, of probably no clinical importance (under 10% change). Our results do not show that enflurane is entirely without effect on ICP, but we think that 1 to 2% enflurane may be used in neuroanesthesia with a reasonable margin of safety, in association with slight hyperventilation and other means or reducing ICP, in accordance to clinical requirements.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Belg · Jan 1980
Comparative Study Clinical TrialPediatric premedication: atropine or not?
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Acta Anaesthesiol Belg · Jan 1980
The action of inhalation anesthetics upon the lower oesophageal sphincter.
The lower oesophageal sphincter plays an important role as a gastro-oesophageal blocker. Its proper function as a reflux barrier for the prevention of regurgitation and aspiration during anesthesia is very important. ⋯ The inhalation of nitrous oxide-oxygen alone or in combination with 2 Vol. % halothane or enflurane resulted in a highly significant pressure drop (p < 0.001) at the lower oesophageal sphincter. All three anesthetics (nitrous oxide-oxygen, nitrous oxide-oxygen-halothane and nitrous oxide-oxygen-enflurane) caused a pressure rise at the distal oesophagus and a pressure decrease at the stomach.