Acta anaesthesiologica Belgica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Belg · Jan 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialSingle i.v. bolus dose of ondansetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and emesis.
In this placebo controlled, double blind multicentre study, the efficacy and safety of a single i.v. bolus dose of ondansetron 4 mg were evaluated in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), which remains one of the most unpleasant side effects experienced by patients postoperatively. The study population included patients having general anesthesia and undergoing major gynecological or elective abdominal surgery by laparoscopy. ⋯ Several factors appeared to be associated with an increased risk of developing PONV, namely gender (female), type of surgery (gynecological), experience of previous PONV and duration of anesthesia; the use of propofol was not a significant factor. Ondansetron was well tolerated, with no side effect being reported as a significant problem.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Belg · Jan 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIntravenous regional anesthesia. Evaluation of 4 different additives to prilocaine.
Intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) is an effective method of producing anesthesia of the extremities. Disadvantages are the rapid loss of anesthesia after the deflation of the tourniquet and the rapid development of postoperative pain. This study compared the effect of four different additives to prilocaine with saline on the development of a complete sensory block, on the return of sensory function after deflation of the tourniquet and on the development of postoperative pain after IVRA for minor orthopedic surgery of the arm. ⋯ The development of a complete sensory block proved significantly faster in the patients receiving sufentanil (4.8 min.) as compared to plain prilocaine (7.5 min.). The return of the sensory function was comparable for all groups. Postoperative pain scores were significantly better in the clonidine and tenoxicam groups.
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Pharmacokinetic and dynamic drug description aim to optimize drug dosing to a desired duration and intensity of effect. In anesthesia practice the therapeutic window is narrow and versatile. Rapid adjustments and rapid reversal of drug effect are mandatory. ⋯ Hysteresis in the concentration-affect relationship is responsible for the lag time between plasma drug concentration and effect. Hysteresis delays initiation of effect as well as recovery from effect. The development of microprocessor aided infusion devices will simplify and ameliorate to a significant extend, the sound application of intravenous drugs in anesthesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Belg · Jan 1997
Historical ArticleTowards a new chronology of ether anesthesia in Europe.