Middle East journal of anaesthesiology
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEvaluation of different induction techniques for tracheal intubation.
Conditions for tracheal intubation and the hemodynamic changes associated with different intravenous anesthetic induction techniques were studied in seventy-two ASA I patients randomly assigned to one of six groups (G). Anesthesia was induced with I. V. propofol 2.5 in G 1, 3, 5 or with thiopental 5 mg/kg (G2, 4, 6). ⋯ In G 5 and G 6 the "timing principle" was used; atracurium 0.5 mg/kg was given first followed by propofol and thiopental, and one minute after the induction agent intubation attempted. There was no statistically significant difference in the intubating conditions between the six groups of patients studied. Similar to succinylcholine timing technique with atracurium and propofol or thiopental reliably provided excellent or good intubating conditions in two minutes.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialNifedipine versus fentanyl to prevent the pressor response to tracheal intubation.
Thirty six patients ASA 1 or 2, undergoing surgery that required tracheal intubation, were allocated randomly into three groups of twelve each. Before induction of anesthesia, they received either saline, 10 mg, nifedipine sublingual, or fentanyl 1.5 micrograms.kg-1 IV. ⋯ The fentanyl dose was too small to abolish this response completely. The increase in HR and blood pressure were most evident in the control group, followed by fentanyl, and the least increase was seen with nifedipine.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 1995
Clinical TrialLow dose epidural lidocaine/sufentanil is effective for outpatient lithotripsy.
Lumbar epidural analgesia was administered to 60 ASA class 1 & 2 patients with 3 ml test dose of 1.5% lidocaine and bolus of 20 ml of 0.5% lidocaine containing 0.5 microgram/kg sufentanil. Bilateral decreased lumbar cold perception was accepted as evidence of analgesia despite persisting pinprick sensation in thoracic dermatomes. Oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate, cardiovascular parameters and leg muscle strength were monitored throughout and until 1 hour afterwards. ⋯ Two of 4 patients experiencing pruritus needed naloxone relief. Itching appeared in skin recovering from sensory block while visceral analgesia persists. Excessive respiratory depression was not seen.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 1995
Clinical TrialAirway protection by the laryngeal mask airway in children.
The pediatric laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is a scale-down version of the adult form, and no direct postmortem specimen work has been performed so far. There are several anatomical differences between pediatric and adult airways, and hence, the scale-down version of the adult LMA is not necessarily water-tight in pediatric patients. We performed a prospective study to assess airway protection by the LMA in pediatric patients, using methylence blue (injected in the pharynx outside the LMA) and the fibreoptic bronchoscope to view the inside of the mask, to detect any leakage of the dye. ⋯ Dye staining of the inside of the mask was detected in 5 patients (10%). The esophageal opening was visualized within the mask in 3 patients (6%). No serious complications occurred in any of our patients.