Middle East journal of anaesthesiology
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of three methods of preventing rocuronium induced pain on injection using venous occlusion technique: a randomized prospective double blind controlled study.
Intravenous administration of rocuronium bromide causes pain at the site of injection in most patients. The mechanism that leads to this side effect is still unknown and multiple drugs' pretreatments were used to prevent its occurrence with varying success rates. ⋯ Remifentanyl is a better choice of opioid in preventing pain on rocuronium injection using venous occlusion technique than fentanyl, with efficacy comparable to Xylocaine.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 2013
Review Meta AnalysisAnalgesic efficacy of continuous intravenous magnesium infusion as an adjuvant to morphine for postoperative analgesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The efficacy of perioperative intravenous magnesium administration on postoperative opioid use, opioid-related side effects (e.g., nausea and vomiting) and pain are uncertain, as randomized controlled trials on this topic have reported disparate results. The objective of this systematic review is to determine if perioperative magnesium reduces opioid use, opioid-related side effects, and postoperative pain. ⋯ Based on the results of this systematic review, perioperative intravenous magnesium may be a useful adjuvant for the management of postoperative pain providing analgesia through a different mechanism of action than that of opioids and would make a potential addition to a multimodal anlgesic treatment plan; however, the decrease in opioid use with perioperative magnesium infusion does not appear to be associated with a decresea in opioid-related side effects.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialSpinal anaesthesia for pelvic surgery: low concentrations of lignocaine and bupivacaine are effective with less adverse events.
The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of 5% lignocaine, 2.5% lignocaine, 0.5% bupivacaine and 0.25% bupivacaine in subarachnoid block for pelvic surgeries. ⋯ [corrected] For subarachnoid block for pelvic surgeries longer than two hours 0.25% bupivacaine is a better choice as compared to 0.5% bupivacaine. However for short duration surgeries lasting up to one hour, 2.5% lignocaine is a better choice as compared to 5% lignocaine as the lower concentrated solutions of bupivacaine and lignocaine are more haemodynamically stable compared to their higher concentrations and with similar duration of ensory and motor block.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEsmolol versus dexmedetomidine in scoliosis surgery: study on intraoperative blood loss and hemodynamic changes.
Surgical correction ofscoliosis carries significant blood loss and needs for blood transfusion with its inherent risks and cost. The aim of this double-blind, randomized, controlled study was to compare the effects of esmolol or dexmedetomidine on intraoperative blood loss, anesthetics consumption, intra operative hemodynamic and effects on spinal cord monitoring in patients undergoing scoliosis surgery. ⋯ Both esmolol and dexmedetomidine, added to anesthetic regimen, provided an effective and well-tolerated method to reduce the amount of blood loss in patients undergoing scoliosis surgery. dexmedetomidine, was associated with plonoged extubation and recovery times.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparison of two different doses of bupivacaine in caudal anesthesia for neonatal circumcision. A randomized clinical trial.
We aimed to compare the analgesia quality of caudal block of low volume, high concentration bupivacaine to the conventionally used volumes and concentrations of the drug in neonates undergoing circumcision with sole caudal anesthesia. ⋯ Low volume high concentration caudal bupivacaine provided a similar perioperative analgesia quality, time and safety profile compared to conventional bupivacaine doses in awake neonates undergoing circumcision. Low volume, high concentration bupivacaine may be used to reduce the risk of local anesthetic toxicity in outpatient neonates.