Middle East journal of anaesthesiology
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Oct 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of intubation conditions under propofol in children--alfentanil vs atracurium.
We have assessed tracheal intubating conditions in 45 ASA I-II children, aged 4-14 years, undergoing elective ear, nose and throat surgery. After the induction dose of propofol 2.5 mgkg-1, Group I received alfentanil 10 ugkg-1, Group II received alfentanil 20 ugkg-1 and Group III received atracurium 0.5 mgkg-1 for tracheal intubation. The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), end tidal carbondioxide (ETCO2) and intubation conditions were investigated. ⋯ There were no significant differences in the overall assessment of intubating conditions between the three groups. Intubations were accomplished in 94% of the patients in Group I and II, and 100% of the patients in Group III. We conclude that the combination of propofol and alfentanil conditions for treacheal intubation in children and attenuate the hemodynamic responses to layngoscopy and tracheal intubation.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Oct 1996
Case ReportsHazards of nitrous oxide administration in presence of venous air embolism.
Nitrous oxide administration in presence of venous air embolism results in its volume augmentation. The present case report of a 50-year old patient undergoing posterior fossa tumor excision in the sitting position demonstrates the hazards of nitrous oxide in presence of venous air embolism. Administration of 66% nitrous oxide 140 minutes after the incidence of air embolism resulted in a significant decrease of end-tidal carbon dioxide tension, moderate hypotension, and tachycardia, suggesting volume augmentation of the air embolism. ⋯ Shapiro and colleagues suggest the use of nitrous oxide challenge as a diagnostic aid in deciding when lung excretion of intravascular air is complete. However, our case report implies that nitrogen washout was not complete 140 minutes after venous air embolism incidence. Accordingly, we recommend to stop nitrous oxide administration once air embolism is suspected and to refrain from its re-administration throughout the rest of surgery.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Jun 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialProphylactic administration of ondansetron in emergency intraabdominal operations.
Efficiency of ondansetron, a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in 40 ASA I-II patients who will undergo emergency intraabdominal operations is studied in a randomized double-blind and placebo controlled study. Patients of no premedication are administered 4 mg i.v. ondansetron or placebo (saline) before induction. Thiopental (4 mg/kg) was used for induction, succinylcholine (2 mg/kg) for muscular relaxation, and 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen and isoflurance (0.8-1.5%) for the maintenance of anesthesia, and fentanyl and norcuron were administered when necessary. ⋯ Although is was effective during 2-24 h period, the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of vital findings, laboratory findings and side effects (p > 0.05). Therefore it is concluded that administration of prophylactic i.v. ondansetron to patients undergoing emergency intraabdominal operations is effective in prevention of nausea and vomiting without any significant side effects.