The American review of respiratory disease
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Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. · Oct 1984
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEarly lung cancer detection: results of the initial (prevalence) radiologic and cytologic screening in the Johns Hopkins study.
The Johns Hopkins Lung Project was designed to determine whether the addition of cytologic screening to the radiographic screening of high-risk volunteers could enhance the early detection of asymptomatic lung cancer and whether early therapeutic intervention in detected cases could significantly reduce the mortality from this disease. Male volunteers, 45 yr of age and older, who smoked at least 1 pack of cigarettes per day were recruited from the Baltimore metropolitan area. All of the 10,387 acceptable high-risk volunteers received annual chest radiographic screening. ⋯ There was no corresponding decrease in prevalence. Lung cancers detected by cytology alone were found at very early stages. Although there has been an increase in average survival, much of this increase, if not all, may have resulted from lead-time and sampling bias.
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A resurgence of interest in clinical auscultation is in progress. Recent technical advances permit more objective observations than were previously possible. ⋯ The complex sonic signals arising in the lung during respiration reflect its mechanical state. More precise understanding of pulmonary sounds and their clinical correlations could lead to powerful diagnostic tools, which have particular appeal because of their noninvasive nature.
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Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. · Oct 1984
Comparative StudyEarly lung cancer detection: results of the initial (prevalence) radiologic and cytologic screening in the Memorial Sloan-Kettering study.
This is a report of the initial (prevalence) screening for lung cancer in a population of 10.040 cigarette-smoking men 45 yr of age and older, recruited from metropolitan New York. All had posteroanterior and lateral chest roentgenograms, and approximately half the men, randomly chosen, also had sputum cytology (dual screen). ⋯ In the dual screen group, in which the 2 detection techniques could be compared, 6 Stage I lung cancers were detected by radiology alone, 7 by cytology alone, and only 1 by both techniques. All of the cases detected by cytology alone were squamous carcinomas, whereas two thirds of those detected by radiology alone were adenocarcinoma.