The American review of respiratory disease
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Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. · Jul 1984
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA controlled trial of intermittent positive pressure breathing, incentive spirometry, and deep breathing exercises in preventing pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery.
Controversy exists regarding the routine use of aids to lung expansion in the prevention of pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery. We prospectively randomized 172 patients into 1 of 4 groups: the control group (44 patients) received no respiratory treatment, the IPPB group (45 patients) received intermittent positive pressure breathing therapy for 15 min 4 times daily, the IS group (42 patients) was treated with incentive spirometry 4 times daily, and the DBE group (41 patients) carried out deep breathing exercises under supervision for 15 min 4 times daily. Roentgenographic changes, observed 24 h after surgery, were comparable in the 4 groups (20.5 to 36.6%). ⋯ Side effects of respiratory treatment were observed only in the IPPB group (18%; p less than 0.05). Hospital stay in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery was significantly shorter in the IS group (mean +/- SD, 8.6 +/- 3 days) than in the control group (13 +/- 5 days). This difference was not observed for the other 2 treatment groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. · Jul 1984
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA controlled trial of 2-month, 3-month, and 12-month regimens of chemotherapy for sputum-smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. Results at 60 months.
Of 1,019 Chinese patients with radiologically active pulmonary tuberculosis but with sputum negative for acid-fast bacilli on 5 initial microscopic examinations who were studied for 5 yr, 364 (36%) had 1 or more initial sputum cultures positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All 1,019 patients were randomly allocated to (1) selective chemotherapy (antituberculosis chemotherapy not being started until the disease had been confirmed to be active); or to (2) daily streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide for 2 months; or (3) for 3 months; or to (4) a standard 12-month control regimen. ⋯ In the 655 patients with all their initial cultures negative, the corresponding relapse rates were 11, 7, and 2%. In the selective chemotherapy series, 57% of the patients had treatment started during the 60 months because their disease was confirmed to be active.