The American review of respiratory disease
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Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. · Jul 1991
The effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on respiratory resistance in patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome and in normal anesthetized subjects.
We investigated the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) upon respiratory resistance during mechanical ventilation in 21 subjects anesthetized for surgery (normal subjects) and in 11 patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We measured tracheal pressure (Ptr) near the end of the endotracheal tube through a 1.5-mm ID catheter and airflow (V) at 0, 5, and 10 cm H2O PEEP (normal subjects) and at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 cm H2O PEEP (patients with ARDS). We computed respiratory system static elastance (Estrs), maximal (Rrsmax) and minimal (Rrsmin) inspiratory resistance by the end-inspiratory occlusion method during constant-flow inflation. ⋯ We found that (1) at PEEP 0, expiratory resistances (Rrsexp50: 7.38 +/- 1.92 versus 5.35 +/- 1.97 cm H2O. L-1.s) and DRrs (3.08 +/- 1.9 versus 1.66 +/- 0.77 cm H2O. L-1.s) were significantly higher in the ARDS group than in the normal group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)