Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Jul 1994
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[First experience in the use of a new Russian narcotic analgesic prosidol in oncology].
Prosidol, a new Russian narcotic analgesic, was used in various dosage forms (buccal and oral tablets, injection solution) in 113 cancer patients for the treatment of chronic pain, as a component of total anesthesia, and for postoperative analgesia. The best results were attained with the universal noninvasive dosage form, buccal tablets, used for the treatment of chronic pain in incurable patients. ⋯ As a component of total anesthesia prosidol is inferior to fentanyl and approximately similar to promedol. An advantage of prosidol is its highly effective universal noninvasive dosage form, buccal tablets, which may be used for rapid analgesia in any situation.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Jul 1994
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[Effects of opioid analgesics on pulmonary ventilation and metabolism in patients with acute postoperative pain].
Opioid analgesics buprenorphine, nubain, and morphine were used in 33 patients suffering from acute postoperative pain on days 1-3 after operations on the lungs, heart and main vessels, abdominal organs. Buprenorphine was used in dose 0.01 mg/kg, nubain in dose 0.3 mg/kg, and morphine in dose 0.3 mg/kg. ⋯ Nubain had no noticeable effect on metabolism or ventilation parameters. Morphine lead to moderately expressed changes in metabolism and ventilation reducing metabolism by 12.5% and minute respiration volume by 10.3%.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Jul 1994
Review Comparative Study[Current principles of the clinical use of central-action analgesics].
The author analyzes the results of experimental and clinical studies of various central action analgesics used for total anesthesia, postoperative analgesia, and chronic pain relief in cancer patients. General shortcomings of all opioid analgesics were revealed: analgesias not always full-value because of different individual sensitivity to opioids, and side effects were often serious. The latest progress of the fundamental sciences in research of the mechanisms of pain and body responses related to pain helped improve the available and develop new more effective methods for total anesthesia and postoperative analgesia on the basis of opioid analgesics with the use of special nonopiate components compensating for the defects of opiate analgesia: clofelin, an adreno-positive agent; acelysin and contrykal, prostaglandin and kinin synthesis inhibitors. Synthetic opioids of the latest generation (buprenorphine, tramadol) were found preferable in the treatment of chronic pain in cancer vs. morphine and its analogs; an alternative scheme of drug therapy of chronic pain on the basis of these drugs is offered which is highly effective and causes the minimal side effects.