Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia
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The author considers the main features of a prepared edition of the international standard ISO 4135:2001 "Equipment for anesthesia and artificial ventilation. Glossary" as the state standard of Russia. ⋯ The abbreviations of these procedures are given in the Russian and English languages. The shorthand notations of airways gas pressure in the characteristic points of a respiratory cycle are clarified in detail and on this basis the procedures for limiting inspiration pressure during controlled artificial ventilation.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · May 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[Exogenous activated protein C in severe sepsis].
Exogenous activated protein C combines a marked anti-inflammatory effect on the vascular endothelium and anticoagulative and profibrinolytic activities. The total results of this action are better multiple organ microcirculation and, as a result, elimination and even prevention of irreversible changes in the vitally important organs. ⋯ The Russian cooperative study of the efficacy of the exogenous activated protein C--drotrecogine alpha (activated)--has shown that its inclusion into therapy for sepsis with multiple organ dysfunction and septic shock results in longer estimated survival. With this, the best results are observed when therapy is initiated within 48 hours since the development of multiple organ deficiency.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · May 2005
[Use of the exogenous surfactant curosurf in combined therapy for acute respiratory failure in children after cardiosurgical interventions].
This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of use of an exogenous surfactant in combined therapy for acute respiratory failure in children after cardiac surgery. In 2003 to 2004, the A. N. ⋯ In Group 4 patients, the exogenous surfactant did not affect the duration of artificial ventilation. Complications due to the administration of the exogenous surfactant (pneumothorax, short-term blood desaturation) were encountered rarely and readily arrested. As a whole, Curosurf is an effective component of combined intensive therapy for acute respiratory failure in pediatric cardiosurgery.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · May 2005
[Choice of optimal respiratory support in acute parenchymatous respiratory failure].
The principal goals of respiratory therapy for acute respiratory failure are to correct gas exchange and to lower respiratory performance. In acute lung lesion syndrome (ALLS) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) reflects the degree of alveolar-capillary membrane damage. ⋯ The ratio of PaO2/FiO2/VO2 is proposed to consider to be a criterion for the effectiveness of respiratory support in ALLS/ARDS and a marker of energy deficiency. It has been established that the function of the alveolar-capillary membrane is not impaired with the PaO2/FiO2 ratio of more than 1.5 and the ratio of less than 1.0 is typical of the severe course of the severe course of ARDS and suggests both alveolar-capillary membrane damage and energy deficiency.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · May 2005
[Cardioversion and central hemodynamics in patients with arrhythmic and genuine cardiogenic shock].
Arrhythmic shock (AS) results primarily from many types of tachyarrhythmias: atrial fibrillation and flutter, supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, ventricular paroxysmal tachycardias. AS is distinguished from the stable course of the above arrhythmias by pronounced changes in central hemodynamics (CH) and by rapid and frequently negative manifestations. ⋯ In case of effective cardioversion, central hemodynamics in patients with AS underwent rapid changes: first of all, stroke volume and cardiac index increased and end systolic volume decreased. In case of effective of antishock measures, CH in patients with cardiogenic shock normalized only within 3-4 weeks of their stay at an intensive care unit, but ejection fraction also remained decreased at their discharge from hospital.