Anesthesiology clinics
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Anesthesiology clinics · Sep 2018
ReviewPerioperative Considerations for the Patient with Opioid Use Disorder on Buprenorphine, Methadone, or Naltrexone Maintenance Therapy.
As part of a national effort to combat the current US opioid epidemic, use of currently Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs for the treatment of opioid use disorder/opioid addiction (buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone) is on the rise. To provide optimal pain control and minimize the risk of relapse and overdose, providers need to have an in-depth understanding of how to manage these medications in the perioperative setting. This article reviews key principles and discusses perioperative considerations for patients with opioid use disorder on buprenorphine, methadone, or naltrexone.
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Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols depend on multidisciplinary care and should be peer-reviewed and data-driven. ERAS has reduced hospital length of stay and complications, simultaneously improving patient outcomes. ⋯ They require clinicians invested in the success of these programs and patients who can take charge of their own health. Future protocols need to include quality of life and functional outcome measures to gauge success from the patient perspective.
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Anesthesiology clinics · Sep 2018
ReviewUpdate on Selective Regional Analgesia for Hip Surgery Patients.
In hip surgery, regional anesthesia offers benefits in pain management and recovery. There are a wide range of regional analgesic options; none have shown to be superior. ⋯ Newer approaches, such as quadratus lumborum block and local infiltration analgesia, require rigorous studies. To realize long-term outcome benefits, postoperative regional analgesia must be tailored to the individual patient and last longer.
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Anesthesiology clinics · Sep 2018
ReviewWhat Can Regional Anesthesiology and Acute Pain Medicine Learn from "Big Data"?
Demonstrating value added to patients' experience through regional anesthesiology and acute pain medicine is critical. Evidence supporting improved outcomes can be derived from prospective studies or retrospective cohort studies. Population-based studies relying on existing clinical and administrative databases are helpful when an outcome is rare and detecting a change would require studying large numbers of patients. This article discusses the effect of regional anesthesiology and acute pain medicine interventions on mortality and morbidity, infection rate, cancer recurrence, inpatient falls, local anesthetic systemic toxicity, persistent postsurgical pain, and health care costs.
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Despite the widespread use of ambulatory continuous peripheral nerve blocks in adults, its use in children has been sporadic. Indications for the use of ambulatory continuous peripheral nerve block in children involve orthopedic procedure, where significant pain is anticipated beyond 24 hours. ⋯ The incidence of serious side effects in pediatric ambulatory continuous peripheral nerve block is extremely rare. When this is combined with the potential to increase patient and family satisfaction and decrease opioid-related side effects, ambulatory continuous peripheral nerve block become a compelling choice.