The Lancet. Respiratory medicine
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Critical illness is associated with cognitive impairment, but mental health and functional disabilities in survivors of intensive care are inadequately characterised. We aimed to assess associations of age and duration of delirium with mental health and functional disabilities in this group. ⋯ National Institutes of Health AG027472 and the Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System.
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Interstitial lung diseases encompass a wide range of diffuse lung disorders that are often complicated by the development of pulmonary fibrosis and that can occur in isolation or in systemic diseases. In the past decade, availability of high-throughput genotyping and large collaborative clinical networks has led to the identification of many genetic variants associated with sporadic and familial fibrotic interstitial pneumonias. ⋯ Genetic studies have substantially expanded understanding of the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Future challenges will be to assess how multiple susceptibility alleles interact with each other and environmental factors to determine disease risk and several different phenotypes, to define the mechanism of action and cellular pathways involving susceptibility alleles, and to identify which of the gene products and molecular mechanisms implicated in disease pathobiology are good therapeutic targets.
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Global epidemiological data regarding outcomes for patients in intensive care units (ICUs) are scarce, but are important in understanding the worldwide burden of critical illness. We, therefore, did an international audit of ICU patients worldwide and assessed variations between hospitals and countries in terms of ICU mortality. ⋯ None.
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Review Meta Analysis
Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing mortality in patients admitted to hospital with influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.
Neuraminidase inhibitors were widely used during the 2009-10 influenza A H1N1 pandemic, but evidence for their effectiveness in reducing mortality is uncertain. We did a meta-analysis of individual participant data to investigate the association between use of neuraminidase inhibitors and mortality in patients admitted to hospital with pandemic influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection. ⋯ F Hoffmann-La Roche.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Azithromycin maintenance treatment in patients with frequent exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COLUMBUS): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Macrolide resistance is an increasing problem; there is therefore debate about when to implement maintenance treatment with macrolides in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aimed to investigate whether patients with COPD who had received treatment for three or more exacerbations in the previous year would have a decrease in exacerbation rate when maintenance treatment with azithromycin was added to standard care. ⋯ SoLong Trust.