Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Apr 2014
Perioperative management and post-operative course in preterm infants undergoing vitreo-retinal surgery for retinopathy of prematurity: A retrospective study.
Premature infants scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia are more prone to cardio-respiratory complications. Risk factors include post-conception age (PCA), cardiac and respiratory disease, anemia and opioid administration. This retrospective study evaluates the perioperative management and post-operative course (apnea and bradycardia) in premature infants undergoing surgery for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). ⋯ In the present study, intravenous paracetamol and topical anesthetics reduced the total intra-operative opioid requirement, which resulted in low incidence of post-operative apnea. Regional anesthesia may be considered in infants with high risk of post-operative apnea. Infants with PCA > 42 weeks and without any co-morbidity can be managed in post-anesthesia care unit.
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Apr 2014
A comparative evaluation of hyperbaric ropivacaine versus hyperbaric bupivacaine for elective surgery under spinal anesthesia.
Recently introduced ropivacaine is 40% less potent than bupivacaine. Ropivacaine made hyperbaric by the addition of dextrose is known to provide reliable spinal anesthesia (SA). This study was designed to compare the clinical efficacy of equal doses of hyperbaric 0.5% ropivacaine with 0.5% bupivacaine for SA. ⋯ Ropivacaine 15 mg in dextrose 8.3% provides reliable SA of shorter duration than bupivacaine 15 mg in 8% dextrose.
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Apr 2014
Low dose intrathecal clonidine and fentanyl added to hyperbaric bupivacaine prolongs analgesia in gynecological surgery.
We undertook this study to ascertain if a small dose of clonidine (30 μg) when added to a bupivacaine-fentanyl mixture improves spinal analgesia, without producing side effects, as compared to a bupivacaine-fentanyl or a bupivacaine-clonidine mixture. ⋯ Low-dose clonidine (30 μg) when added to a bupivacaine-fentanyl mixture increased the duration of effective analgesia and the duration of sensory and motor block in gynecological surgery. The incidence of intraoperative pain and requirement of postoperative analgesics was significantly less when clonidine was added to intrathecal bupivacaine with or without fentanyl.
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Apr 2014
Bedside prediction of airway length by measuring upper incisor manubrio-sternal joint length.
Malpositioning of endotracheal tube may lead to serious complications like endobronchial intubation or accidental extubation. Using anatomical measurements for prediction of airway length would be more practical in resource constrained settings. ⋯ It is possible to predict airway length in adult Indian subjects by making two simple anatomical measurements, namely stature and incisor manubrio-sternal joint length.