Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Oct 2010
Intrathecal sufentanil versus fentanyl for lower limb surgeries - a randomized controlled trial.
To compare the efficacy and safety of intrathecal sufentanil or fentanyl as adjuvants to hyperbaric bupivacaine in patients undergoing major orthopaedic lower limb surgeries in terms of onset and duration of sensory block, motor block and post-operative pain relief. PATIENTS #ENTITYSTARTX00026; ⋯ Intrathecal sufentanil (5 μg) and fentanyl (25 μg), as adjuvants lead to an earlier onset and prolonged duration of sensory block. The duration of effective analgesia with intrathecal sufentanil and fentanyl as adjuvants to hyperbaric bupivacaine is longer than that of bupivacaine alone.
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Oct 2010
Midline Submental Orotracheal Intubation in Maxillofacial Injuries: A Substitute to Tracheostomy Where Postoperative Mechanical Ventilation is not Required.
Maxillofacial fractures present unique airway problems to the anaesthesiologist. Nasotracheal intubation is contraindicated due to associated Lefort I, II or III fractures. The requirement for intraoperative maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) to re-establish dental occlusion in such cases precludes orotracheal intubation. Tracheostomy has a high complication rate and in many patients, an alternative to the oral airway is not required beyond the perioperative period. Hernandez1 in 1986 first described "The submental route for endotracheal intubation". Later some workers faced difficult tube passage, bleeding, and sublingual gland involvement with this approach. They modified this to strict midline submental intubation and there were no operative or postoperative complications in their cases.67&8. Therefore we used mid line approach for submental orotracheal intubation in this study to demonstrate its feasibility and reliability and that it can be used as an excellent substitute to short term tracheostomy. PATIENTS #ENTITYSTARTX00026; ⋯ There were no significant operative or postoperative complications. Postoperative submental scarring was acceptable([6]). We conclude that midline submental intubation is a simple and useful technique with low morbidity. It can be chosen in selected cases of maxillofacial trauma and is an excellent substitute to tracheostomy where postoperative mechanical ventilation is not required.
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Oct 2010
A clinical study comparing epinephrine 200μg or clonidine 90μg as adjuvants to local anaesthetic agent in brachial plexus block via supraclavicular approach.
A double blind randomized prospective study was undertaken to determine the effect of adjuncts like epinephrine 200μg or clonidine 90μg in combination of bupivacaine and lignocaine into the brachial plexus sheath to study the sensory and motor onset, duration of analgesia, hemodynamic changes and adverse effects. PATIENTS #ENTITYSTARTX00026; ⋯ We thereby conclude that clonidine 90μg is a better option as an additive than epinephrine 200μg for hastening the onset of sensory and motor block with prolonged postoperative analgesia and sedation as the only adverse effect.
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J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol · Oct 2010
A Comparative Study of Induction, Maintenance and Recovery Characteristics of Sevoflurane and Halothane Anaesthesia in Pediatric Patients (6 months to 6 years).
PATIENTS #ENTITYSTARTX00026; ⋯ We conclude that induction with sevoflurane in nitrous oxide and oxygen leads to fast loss of consciousness and provides ideal conditions for managing the airway without supplemental opioids or muscle relaxants with haemodynamic stability and is therefore a reasonable alternative to halothane for paediatric patients.