World journal of gastroenterology : WJG
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World J. Gastroenterol. · May 2010
Case ReportsAcute respiratory distress syndrome associated with severe ulcerative colitis.
Various extraintestinal manifestations including pulmonary abnormalities have been reported in patients with ulcerative colitis. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious and fatal pulmonary manifestation. We have experienced a 67-year-old male patient with ARDS associated with a severe type of ulcerative colitis (UC). ⋯ However, ARDS symptoms were dramatically improved after surgical colectomy. We believe that severe colonic inflammation from UC was closely associated with the onset of ARDS of the patient. Our case report suggests that a severe type of ulcerative colitis might be taken into consideration as one of the predisposing factors of ARDS.
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World J. Gastroenterol. · May 2010
ReviewAcute lung injury and ARDS in acute pancreatitis: mechanisms and potential intervention.
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in acute pancreatitis still represents a substantial problem, with a mortality rate in the range of 30%-40%. The present review evaluates underlying pathophysiological mechanisms in both ALI and ARDS and potential clinical implications. Several mediators and pathophysiological pathways are involved during the different phases of ALI and ARDS. ⋯ Proteases derived from polymorphonuclear neutrophils, various pro-inflammatory mediators, and phospholipases are all involved, among others. Contributing factors that promote pancreatitis-associated ALI may be found in the gut and mesenteric lymphatics. There is a lack of complete understanding of the underlying mechanisms, and by improving our knowledge, novel tools for prevention and intervention may be developed, thus contributing to improved outcome.
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World J. Gastroenterol. · Apr 2010
Meta AnalysisRemission induction and maintenance effect of probiotics on ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis.
To evaluate the induction of remission and maintenance effects of probiotics for ulcerative colitis. ⋯ Probiotic treatment was more effective than placebo in maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis.
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World J. Gastroenterol. · Feb 2010
ReviewCurrent indications and role of surgery in the management of sigmoid diverticulitis.
Sigmoid diverticulitis is a common disease which carries both a significant morbidity and a societal economic burden. This review article analyzes the current data regarding management of sigmoid diverticulitis in its variable clinical presentations. Wide-spectrum antibiotics are the standard of care for uncomplicated diverticulitis. ⋯ There is not sufficient evidence supporting any changes in the approach to management in younger patients. Conversely, the available evidence suggests that surgery should be indicated after one attack of uncomplicated disease in immunocompromised individuals. Uncommon clinical presentations of sigmoid diverticulitis and their possible association with inflammatory bowel disease are also discussed.
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World J. Gastroenterol. · Feb 2010
Betaine inhibits toll-like receptor 4 expression in rats with ethanol-induced liver injury.
To test whether ethanol feeding could induce Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) responses, assess the hepatoprotective effect of betaine and its inhibitive effect on TLR4 in animal models of alcoholic liver injury. ⋯ Betaine can prevent the alcohol-induced liver injury effectively and improve the liver function. The expression of TLR4 increases significantly in ethanol-fed rats and betaine administration can inhibit TLR4 expression.