Respiratory care clinics of North America
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Respir Care Clin N Am · Dec 2001
ReviewThe use of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in adults with acute lung injury.
The use of HFOV in adults is still in its infancy. There is, however, much promise to support further study of this ventilatory modality. Rescue case series have shown that HFOV is effective in improving gas exchange and appears safe in this group of extremely ill patients. ⋯ HFOV could be used as one of a number of new therapies for the patient failing to oxygenate on CMV. Its routine use to prevent VILI cannot be recommended at this time, as no data are available. Further clinical studies potentially leading to a large randomized controlled trial of HFOV versus best conventional therapy appear worth pursuing.
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High-frequency ventilation was first introduced 30 years ago as a method for reducing intrathoracic pressure during thoracic and laryngeal surgery. High-frequency oscillation was developed in the 1970's for the treatment of lung disease of prematurity but is now used for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in all ages. High-frequency jet ventilation is still most commonly used as a rescue therapy.
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Respir Care Clin N Am · Dec 2001
ReviewHigh-frequency oscillatory ventilation in pediatric patients.
HFOV is a mode of ventilation that can achieve oxygenation and ventilation while maintaining maximal lung recruitment on the deflation limb of its pressure-volume curve. The primary theoretical advantages of HFOV over CMV in the management of acute lung injury are that HFOV allows adequate alveolar ventilation with minimal peak-trough pressure changes, provides lung recruitment, and avoids end-inspiratory overdistension of the relatively compliant nondependent lung. ⋯ The improved longer-term clinical outcomes on HFOV are presumably because of less ventilator-induced lung injury. As experience with HFOV in older patients grows, ventilator technology matures, and understanding of the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) deepens, it is likely that HFOV will find widespread use for the management of respiratory failure caused by acute lung injury in patients from preterm neonates to adults.