Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology
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Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Jul 2008
ReviewPathophysiological approach to the management of scorpion envenomation.
Indian red scorpion (Mesobuthus tamulus; MBT) produces lethal stings and is a matter of concern in certain parts of India. MBT envenomation produces multi-systemic involvement, thus presents difficulty in the management. Symptomatic treatment has been practiced earlier that failed to relieve the toxic effects of the venom. Therefore, present manuscript deals with pathophysiologically based approach in the management of toxicity considering the merits and the demerits of treatment protocols so as to evolve a consensus in the treatment strategies of scorpion envenomation.
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Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Jul 2008
Antinociception induced by central administration of histamine in the formalin test in rats.
In the present study, effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of histamine, mepyramine (H1-receptor antagonist) and famotidine (H2-receptor antagonist) have been investigated on the formalin test in rats. Subcutaneous injection of formalin (50 microl, 1%) into the ventral surface of the left hind paw produced a marked biphasic pain response (first phase: 0-5 min and second phase: 15-45 min). ⋯ Pretreatments with mepyramine and famotidine at the same dose of 80 microg, significantly (P < 0.05) prevented the histamine (40 microg)-induced antinociception. These results indicate that brain histamine produces antinociception, and both central H1 and H2 receptors may involve in the histamine-induced antinociception in the formalin test in rats.