Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps
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Science and mountain exploration are closely linked throughout history. A large array of studies of varying complexity have been performed in conditions of hypobaric hypoxia, some on field studies, some in hypobaric chambers. ⋯ Field studies in the mountains are challenging to design and undertake and need to balance practicalities (e.g. limited power supply) with scientific objectives. This article examines the history and rationale for high altitude research and discusses the challenges of organising a field study.
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Frostbite is a thermal injury that can occur when temperatures drop low enough for tissue to freeze. On rewarming the tissues, an inflammatory process develops which is often associated with tissue loss. ⋯ Practical advice is given on both the field and hospital management and how to seek expert advice from remote situations. The review also discusses newer developments in frostbite treatment such as intra-vascular thrombolysis and adjunctive treatments such as the use of intravenous vasodilators.
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Review
Causes of injuries in the mountains: a review of worldwide reports into accidents in mountaineering.
This review presents a selection of sources from the UK and around the world that have reported on both incidents and accidents in the mountains. Common themes are extracted to illustrate the circumstances under which accidents, injuries and fatalities occur and the underlying factors that have contributed to incidents in the first place. ⋯ The purpose of highlighting these issues is to allow those undertaking them to understand where the greatest risks lie. This enables the individual, team leaders, rescue services and those involved in the overall management of wilderness areas to plan accordingly, with the aim of reducing injuries and deaths.