Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum
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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), originally developed as an artificial replacement for respiratory assistance, is decreasingly used in neonates with respiratory failure. Nevertheless, there is a constant need for this invasive and expensive neonatal treatment modality. ⋯ ECMO remains an important tool in neonatal and pediatric intensive care. However, the number of ECMO therapies was reduced due to respiratory therapeutic progress, but indications and ECMO technology have changed.
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Unlike normal thermoregulatory control, which is largely neuronally mediated, fever is activated by circulating pyrogens. Pyrogens are triggered by either infectious or non-infectious etiologies, all of which may be present in patients undergoing ambulatory surgery. Fever is a regulated elevation in the setpoint temperature for all thermoregulatory responses (warm and cold defenses). ⋯ Wound infections are responsible for many such fevers, although numerous other etiologies contribute. Initial diagnosis should thus focus on determining the etiology of fever. Once that is established, treatment can focus on the specific cause.