AANA journal
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Dexmedetomidine is a relatively selective alpha2 agonist with sympatholytic, sedative, amnestic, and analgesic properties. It is indicated for the short-term sedation of patients needing mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. ⋯ This article will provide the reader with a comprehensive review of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and adverse effects of dexmedetomidine. A thorough understanding of this drug will enable the anesthesia provider to determine situations in which dexmedetomidine may be a useful drug to consider, whether as an adjunct or as a sole agent.
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This case report details the onset of masseter muscle rigidity, elevated creatine kinase levels, and rhabdomyolysis following a sevoflurane mask induction and succinylcholine administration in a 12-year-old boy. The patient had no family or personal history of neuromuscular disease or malignant hyperthermia. ⋯ Subsequent to this event, it was recommended that the patient undergo a workup for neuromuscular disease and malignant hyperthermia with muscle biopsy. Until this workup is completed, the family should advise anesthesia providers that the patient is "malignant hyperthermia susceptible." Masseter muscle rigidity, elevated creatine kinase levels, and rhabdomyolysis will be thoroughly discussed in this article.