Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Treatment of severe pediatric ethylene glycol intoxication without hemodialysis.
There is limited experience treating severe ethylene glycol poisoning in children without hemodialysis. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical course and outcome of severe pediatric ethylene glycol poisoning treated without hemodialysis. ⋯ Six pediatric patients with severe ethylene glycol intoxication and normal renal function were successfully treated without hemodialysis.
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Methanol poisoning during human pregnancy rarely has been described. We report the first human newborn with a documented methanol concentration resulting from maternal exposure. ⋯ Fatal neonatal methanol toxicity can result from transplacental exposure.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Case ReportsUnusual D-lactic acid acidosis from propylene glycol metabolism in overdose.
To report a case of D-lactic acid acidosis owing to massive oral ingestion of propylene glycol. ⋯ Ingestion of massive doses of propylene glycol, previously not reported as a cause of D-lactic acidosis, should be added to the differential diagnosis of this rare condition.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Carbon monoxide and cyanide poisoning in fire related deaths in Victoria, Australia.
This study was undertaken to examine the association of hydrogen cyanide and carboxyhaemoglobin in victims of fire related deaths in Australia. The secondary aim was to document demographic data about Australian fire related deaths. ⋯ This study showed a correlation between elevated blood ethanol and whole blood cyanide levels (r = 0.36, p < 0.001) and between elevated carboxyhaemoglobin and hydrogen cyanide levels (r = 0.34). Although the mean cyanide level was 1.3 mg/L (above the level some consider potentially toxic) in those cases with a carboxyhaemoglobin level of greater than 10%, there is insufficient data to permit recommendations for clinical care. Further studies are required on those victims that reach hospital alive.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effects of fresh frozen plasma on cholinesterase levels and outcomes in patients with organophosphate poisoning.
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of fresh frozen plasma, as a source of cholinesterase, on butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE; plasma or pseudo cholinesterase) levels and outcomes in patients with organophosphate poisoning. ⋯ Fresh frozen plasma therapy increases BuChE levels in patients with organophosphate poisonings. The administration of plasma may also prevent the development of intermediate syndrome and related mortality. Plasma (fresh frozen or freshly prepared) therapy may be used as an alternative or adjunctive treatment method in patients with organophosphate pesticide poisoning, especially in cases not given pralidoxime. Further randomized controlled and animal studies are required to infer a definitive result.