Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology
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To present a child who developed gastric ulcers and duodenal erosions after ingestion of hydrogen peroxide 3% and delineate the epidemiology, medical outcomes, and toxicity of exposures to this agent managed by a poison control center. ⋯ Exposure to hydrogen peroxide 3% is usually benign, however, severe gastric injury may occur following small ingestions in children. Patients who report persistent vomiting or bloody emesis require medical evaluation and consideration of endoscopy to evaluate gastrointestinal injury.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1996
Clinical TrialThe use of ondansetron in the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with acetaminophen poisoning.
Nausea and vomiting associated with poisoning can complicate treatment and in some cases delay potential antidote administration. Side effect such as lowering the seizure threshold may at times discourage the use of traditional phenothiazine and butyrophenone antiemetics. ⋯ Ondansetron appears to be a potentially useful adjunct in the management of nausea and vomiting associated with acetaminophen poisoning.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1996
Case Reports Clinical TrialNaloxone--for intoxications with intravenous heroin and heroin mixtures--harmless or hazardous? A prospective clinical study.
Naloxone is standard medication for the treatment of heroin intoxications. No large-scale studies have yet been carried out to determine its toxicity in heroin intoxications. ⋯ The short time between naloxone administration and the occurrence of complications, as well as the type of complications, are strong evidence of a causal link. In 1000 clinically diagnosed intoxications with heroin or heroin mixtures, from 4 to 30 serious complications can be expected. Such a high incidence of complications is unacceptable and could theoretically be reduced by artificial respiration with a bag valve device (hyperventilation) as well as by administering naloxone in minimal divided doses, injected slowly.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1996
Five year retrospective evaluation of sulfonylurea ingestion in children.
Oral hypoglycemic medications are frequently used for Type II diabetes and accidental ingestions by children may occur. There are no comprehensive pediatric studies documenting poison center experiences. ⋯ Children ingesting oral hypoglycemics should be admitted to a health care facility for 24 h observation. In this series a single tablet produced hypoglycemia.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1996
Multicenter StudyPredictors of carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide exposure in smoke inhalation patients.
A prospective study of civilian (nonfirefighter) smoke inhalation patients was carried out to test the hypotheses that: 1) absorption of carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide from smoke can be predicted by clinical examination and historical data; and, more specifically 2) a history of exposure to burning synthetic polymers is an important predictor of systemic cyanide levels. ⋯ SCORE was the strongest predictor of both carboxyhemoglobin and cyanide levels; LAGTIME also explained significant variance for [log-transformed] carboxyhemoglobin. Historical factors, such as FIRETYPE, MATERIAL, and SMOKING status, did not explain significant variance in most of the statistical models employed.