Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1996
Case Reports Clinical TrialNaloxone--for intoxications with intravenous heroin and heroin mixtures--harmless or hazardous? A prospective clinical study.
Naloxone is standard medication for the treatment of heroin intoxications. No large-scale studies have yet been carried out to determine its toxicity in heroin intoxications. ⋯ The short time between naloxone administration and the occurrence of complications, as well as the type of complications, are strong evidence of a causal link. In 1000 clinically diagnosed intoxications with heroin or heroin mixtures, from 4 to 30 serious complications can be expected. Such a high incidence of complications is unacceptable and could theoretically be reduced by artificial respiration with a bag valve device (hyperventilation) as well as by administering naloxone in minimal divided doses, injected slowly.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1996
Clinical TrialThe use of ondansetron in the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with acetaminophen poisoning.
Nausea and vomiting associated with poisoning can complicate treatment and in some cases delay potential antidote administration. Side effect such as lowering the seizure threshold may at times discourage the use of traditional phenothiazine and butyrophenone antiemetics. ⋯ Ondansetron appears to be a potentially useful adjunct in the management of nausea and vomiting associated with acetaminophen poisoning.
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The Taiwan National Poison Center has received more than 30,000 telephone calls since its establishment in July 1985. ⋯ Human poisoning is a serious problem in Taiwan. The reduction of suicide attempts is a major objective. Childhood poisonings are underreported and of high mortality.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1996
Case ReportsDelayed peak serum valproic acid in massive divalproex overdose--treatment with charcoal hemoperfusion.
Increased clearance and apparent clinical improvement in valproic acid overdose has been reported following in-series hemodialysis/hemoperfusion therapy. We report a case of divalproex sodium and chlorpheniramine overdose treated with charcoal hemoperfusion and multiple-dose activated charcoal. ⋯ Enteric coated valproic acid preparations may cause delayed toxicity in overdose, particularly with coingested anticholinergic medications. In our case, charcoal hemoperfusion appeared to increase valproic acid clearance.