Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1998
Case ReportsProlonged formation of methemoglobin following nitroethane ingestion.
Artificial nail removers containing nitroethane pose a serious risk of toxicity when ingested. ⋯ We report 3 cases of children under 3 years of age who developed prolonged methemoglobinemia following ingestions of small quantities of these nitroethane-containing products. Methylene blue therapy reduced the methemoglobin level in all 3 children; however, in 2 of these children methemoglobin levels increased again several hours later and required additional methylene blue. Accurate substance identification is essential for appropriate management of ingestions of fingernail products. The availability of nitroethane products for home use should be questioned.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1998
Case ReportsAcute cerebral gas embolism from hydrogen peroxide ingestion successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen.
We present a case of an adult who suffered an apparent stroke shortly after an accidental ingestion of concentrated hydrogen peroxide. Complete neurologic recovery occurred quickly with hyperbaric therapy. ⋯ Hyperbaric therapy is the definitive treatment for gas embolism from hydrogen peroxide ingestion as it is for all other causes of acute gas embolism. This is the first case reported in the literature of hyperbaric therapy used successfully to treat cerebral gas embolism caused by hydrogen peroxide.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1998
The effects of 4-aminopyridine and Bay K 8644 on verapamil-induced cardiovascular toxicity in anesthetized rats.
To determine the effects of 4-aminopyridine and Bay K 8644 on mean arterial pressure and heart rate in an anesthetized rat model of verapamil toxicity. ⋯ 4-Aminopyridine improved mean arterial pressure and heart rate in a dose-dependent fashion; however, the higher infusion rate (2 mg/kg/h) necessary to improve mean arterial pressure and heart rate resulted in convulsions and excessive secretions. The reversal effects of Bay K 8644 on mean arterial pressure were transient and did not affect heart rate.
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J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. · Jan 1998
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialGlycolate kinetics and hemodialysis clearance in ethylene glycol poisoning. META Study Group.
Toxic manifestations following ethylene glycol exposure are due to accumulation of metabolites, particularly glycolate. We characterized glycolate elimination kinetics and dialysis properties in a series of ethylene glycol poisonings. ⋯ Glycolate has a slow elimination rate and long half-life. Hemodialysis effectively clears glycolate. An increased anion gap correlates with the presence of glycolate. Hemodialysis is projected as useful for ethylene glycol-poisoned patients with anion gap acidosis and low ethylene glycol blood levels.