Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnętrznej
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Jan 2021
ReviewNeurological symptoms as a clinical manifestation of COVID-19: implications for internists.
Numerous experimental and clinical studies have proven that the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) has a tropism for the nervous system. The infection of the nervous system by SARS‑CoV‑2 can occur via the nasal route through trans‑synaptic pathways. Coronaviruses can infect neurons and glial cells through angiotensin‑converting enzyme 2 receptors or by endocytosis. ⋯ In addition, brain stem cells are being damaged, which results in respiratory distress. Apart from typical symptoms of COVID‑19 associated with the involvement of the respiratory system, neurological manifestations such as headache, dizziness, myalgia, anosmia, ageusia, encephalopathy, encephalitis, stroke, epileptic seizures, rhabdomyolysis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome are related to SARS‑CoV‑2 infection. In this review, we focused on the currently known neurological manifestations of COVID‑19, which could be considered mainly in asymptomatic patients with COVID‑19 and, if noted, may limit the transmission of coronavirus infection.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Jan 2021
Multicenter StudyObesity in patients with established coronary artery disease over a 20-year period (1997-2017).
Body mass reduction in overweight and obese people so as to reduce blood pressure, low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and the risk of type 2 diabetes as well as to lower the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events is strongly recommended in current guidelines. ⋯ The analysis of 5 multicenter surveys showed a gradual increase in BMI and waist circumference in patients with established coronary artery disease over the course of 2 decades.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Jan 2021
Use of non-pharmacological interventions in patients with cognitive impairment: a comparison of residential and nursing homes in Poland.
Availability of nonpharmacological interventions to manage neuropsychiatric symptoms is important to reduce the use of psychotropic drugs in residents with dementia in long‑term care facilities (LTCFs). ⋯ We found a relatively high use of medical rehabilitation and occupational therapy and significant diversity between facilities in use of CT, PT, and maintaining/enhancing ADL.
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Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Jan 2021
Prevalent medication-related harm identified in patients admitted to geriatric ward: cross-sectional and survival-based contributors.
Medication‑related harm (MRH) has been recognized as a global public health issue. ⋯ Geriatric-based deprescribing and drug optimization mitigate the negative impacts of MRH on patient survival and may decrease the rehospitalization rate and healthcare costs. Thiazides, ACEIs, SSRIs, and paracetamol, if indicated, were associated with better survival in geriatric patients.