Radiology
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To study guide-wire engagement and entrapment by inferior vena caval (IVC) filters. ⋯ Guide wires with a J tip 3 mm or less in radius are at risk for entrapment by the 12SSG and VT filters.
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To test the clinical efficacy of metal stents in the treatment of malignant ureteral obstruction and to maximize the effectiveness of the method. ⋯ Since no major complications occurred and hydronephrosis and its sequelae could be prevented in most cases during the observation period, the authors conclude that the implantation of a SPES into the ureter is a safe and effective method for the palliative treatment of tumor-associated ureteral strictures.