Radiology
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To assess the benefit of adding diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging to gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR cholangiopancreatography in the preoperative evaluation of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. ⋯ In the preoperative evaluation of hilar cholangiocarcinoma, the addition of DW imaging to gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging could improve sensitivity in the evaluation of tumor extent along the bile duct and liver invasion.
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To retrospectively identify features that allow prediction of the disappearance of solid, indeterminate, intraparenchymal nodules detected at baseline computed tomographic (CT) screening of individuals at high risk for lung cancer. ⋯ Approximately 10% of solid, intermediate-sized, intraparenchymal pulmonary nodules found at baseline screening for lung cancer resolved during follow-up, three-quarters of which had disappeared at the 3-month follow-up CT examination. Resolving pulmonary nodules share CT features with malignant nodules.
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To evaluate the predictive utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes at diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging 1 month after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) criteria, and modified RECIST (mRECIST). ⋯ The ADC ratio 1 month after TACE was an independent predictor of PFS, which showed stronger association with tumor response than did RECIST, EASL criteria, or mRECIST.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
White matter changes in comatose survivors of anoxic ischemic encephalopathy and traumatic brain injury: comparative diffusion-tensor imaging study.
To analyze white matter pathologic abnormalities by using diffusion-tensor (DT) imaging in a multicenter prospective cohort of comatose patients following cardiac arrest or traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ DT imaging findings are consistent with the known predominance of cerebral hemisphere axonal injury in cardiac arrest and chiefly central myelin injury in TBI. This consistency supports the validity of DT imaging for differentiating axon and myelin damage in vivo in humans.
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Obesity is a disease that has reached epidemic proportions in the United States and around the world. During the past 2 decades, bariatric surgery has become an increasingly popular form of treatment for morbid obesity. The most common bariatric procedures performed include laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. ⋯ Complications after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding include stomal stenosis, malpositioned bands, pouch dilation, band slippage, perforation, gastric volvulus, intraluminal band erosion, and port- and band-related problems. Finally, complications after sleeve gastrectomy include postoperative leaks and strictures, gastric dilation, and gastroesophageal reflux. The imaging features of these various complications of bariatric surgery are discussed and illustrated.