European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
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Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci · Feb 2021
Review Comparative StudyCOVID-19 vaccines: comparison of biological, pharmacological characteristics and adverse effects of Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna Vaccines.
The "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)" disease has caused a worldwide challenging and threatening pandemic (COVID-19), with huge health and economic losses. The US Food and Drug Administration, (FDA) has granted emergency use authorization for treatment with the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. Many people have a history of a significant allergic reaction to a specific food, medicine, or vaccine; hence, people all over the world have great concerns about these two authorized vaccines. This article compares the pharmacology, indications, contraindications, and adverse effects of the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines. ⋯ The FDA has granted emergency use authorization for the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. These vaccines can protect recipients from a SARS-CoV- 2 infection by formation of antibodies and provide immunity against a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Both vaccines can cause various adverse effects, but these reactions are reported to be less frequent in the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine compared to the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine; however, the Moderna vaccine compared to the Pfizer vaccine is easier to transport and store because it is less temperature sensitive.
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Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci · Jan 2021
Meta AnalysisEffects of non-drug interventions on depression, anxiety and sleep in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) suffer from anxiety, depression and sleep disorders due to isolation treatment, among other reasons. Whether non-drug interventions can be alternative therapies for COVID-19 patients with anxiety, depression and sleep disorders is controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to evaluate the effects of non-drug interventions on anxiety, depression and sleep in patients with COVID-19 to provide guidance for clinical application. ⋯ This meta-analysis found that non-drug interventions can reduce the anxiety and depression scores of patients with COVID-19. Due to the limitations of this study, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the findings, especially the effect of non-drug interventions on improving the sleep status of COVID-19 patients.
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Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci · Jan 2021
ReviewRemdesivir as a broad-spectrum antiviral drug against COVID-19.
List the clinical data of the role of remdesivir in COVID-19, and try to make an objective evaluation and analyze its feasibility. ⋯ According to the clinical results, it was found that remdesivir was effective in the treatment of COVID-19. The drug has side effects, but the symptoms were mild and disappeared immediately after discontinuation of medication.
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Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci · Jan 2021
ReviewPrescribing cascades and medications most frequently involved in pain therapy: a review.
The aging of the population and chronic pain represents topical issues in developed countries. These often translate into polypharmacy, inappropriate medications, and adverse drug events, with the risk of misinterpreting these latter with new medical conditions, generating what is referred to prescribing cascade. Prescribing cascades may lead to the prescription of new drugs, which could cause new potential side effects and unnecessary costs for individuals and healthcare systems. Therefore, the purpose of our review was to collect a good deal of prescribing cascades examples involving pain therapy medicines, to help clinicians minimize drug-related clinical outcomes. ⋯ This study provides a list of several examples of prescribing cascades in pain medicine and is essential to raise awareness of the potential dangers they could involve in all patient populations. Collaboration between clinicians and clinical pharmacologists may lead to more appropriate polypharmacy schemes.
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Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci · Dec 2020
Meta AnalysisPrevalence of liver injury and correlation with clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19: systematic review with meta-analysis.
Liver involvement of SARS-CoV-2 infection has been reported in several papers, but without homogeneous findings. We aimed to systematically review the prevalence of liver involvement in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection at their hospital admission, and its correlation with disease severity and clinical outcomes in patients with or without pre-existing chronic liver disease. ⋯ LFTs alterations were reported in up to 47% of unselected patients with COVID-19 and were associated with severe disease or in-hospital mortality. In cirrhotic patients, COVID-19 was associated with high risk of liver decompensation or mortality.