Regional anesthesia
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Regional anesthesia · Nov 1989
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffect of diluting fentanyl on epidural bupivacaine during labor analgesia.
In a randomized prospective study carried out on 60 laboring primiparous parturients, fentanyl 80 micrograms, either in 2 ml or in 8 ml, was added to 12 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine administered epidurally for pain relief. The aims of this protocol were to evaluate the effect of varying the volume of fentanyl added to epidural bupivacaine on the quality and duration of labor analgesia. ⋯ The incidence of pruritus was higher in the fentanyl-diluted group (43% versus 23%). No clinical advantage was found in this study, therefore, when fentanyl 80 micrograms was added to 0.25% bupivacaine.
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Regional anesthesia · Nov 1989
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialBrachial plexus block with opioids for postoperative pain relief: comparison between buprenorphine and morphine.
The effectiveness of buprenorphine and morphine, administered into the brachial plexus sheath, was evaluated in 40 patients, aged 18-90 years. All patients received 40 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, injected into the brachial plexus sheath using the supraclavicular technique. In addition, the 20 patients in Group I received morphine hydrochloride (50 micrograms/kg), while the 20 patients in Group II received buprenorphine hydrochloride (3 micrograms/kg). ⋯ A significant difference in the quality of analgesia was found; and was consistently superior with buprenorphine as compared with morphine. The duration of analgesia was nearly twice as long in the buprenorphine group as in the morphine group (35.05 +/- 1.95 hour versus 18.25 +/- 1.15 hour). We conclude that buprenorphine injection into the brachial plexus sheath is an efficient way to assure control of postoperative pain after upper limb surgery.
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Regional anesthesia · Nov 1989
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialMaternal analgesia and neonatal effects of epidural sufentanil for cesarean section.
This study was designed to evaluate the maternal intraoperative and postoperative analgesia and neonatal effects of adding sufentanil to epidural anesthesia for cesarean section before the skin incision. Forty-five multipara were randomized in three equal groups to receive sufentanil 80 micrograms, 50 micrograms, or saline with the epidural lidocaine. Intraoperative and postoperative analgesia and side effects were recorded. ⋯ Postoperative analgesia was prolonged after sufentanil, but side effects increased with the greater dose. The infants whose mothers received 80 micrograms sufentanil showed a mild neurobehavioral depression. It is therefore concluded that the addition of 50 micrograms of sufentanil improves both intraoperative and postoperative analgesia without significant neonatal effects.
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Fifteen patients with cancer pain refractory to other methods of pain control were treated with epidural sufentanil. They all suffered from very severe or unbearable pain but had expressed the wish to spend the last period of their lives at home. On the first day of hospitalization, an epidural catheter and a portal catheter were implanted under local anesthesia. ⋯ Nine patients had epidural sufentanil as their sole analgesic till they died; six patients needed adjunctive nonepidural medications. There were no epidural- or portal-catheter related infections or cases of respiratory depression. After 1651 patient treatment days, we have found continuous epidural sufentanil infusion to be a safe and effective method for cancer pain control in outpatients.