Regional anesthesia
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Regional anesthesia · Mar 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEpidural clonidine combined with bupivacaine for analgesia in labor. Effects on mother and neonate.
A double-blind study was conducted to assess the efficacy and the safety of epidural clonidine combined with bupivacaine for analgesia during labor. ⋯ The study documents that clonidine improves epidural bupivacaine analgesia during labor and demonstrates transfer of the drug across the placenta. Therefore, a more extensive study is required to determine the incidence of possible side effects of clonidine in neonates.
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Regional anesthesia · Mar 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialLateral femoral cutaneous nerve block revisited. A nerve stimulator technique.
Regional block of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) often has disappointing success rates despite the large volumes of local anesthetic used. This study was undertaken to investigate the utility of using a nerve stimulator (NS) to localize and block the LFCN. ⋯ A NS can be used to localize a purely sensory nerve; such as the LFCN, and improve success rates in regional anesthesia.
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Regional anesthesia · Mar 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAlkalinization of mepivacaine improves the quality of motor block associated with interscalene brachial plexus anesthesia for shoulder surgery.
Interscalene block has produced appropriate anesthesia for shoulder surgery. Success is partly determined by the quality of motor block achieved. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of alkalinization of mepivacaine on the quality of motor block achieved with interscalene brachial plexus anesthesia. ⋯ Alkalinization of mepivacaine improves the quality of motor block after interscalene brachial plexus block for shoulder surgery.
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Regional anesthesia · Mar 1995
Comparative Study Clinical TrialHypnosis as adjunct therapy in conscious sedation for plastic surgery.
Sedation is often requested during local and regional anesthesia. However, some surgical procedures, such as plastic surgery, require conscious sedation, which may be difficult to achieve. Hypnosis, used routinely to provide conscious sedation in the authors' Department of Plastic Surgery, results in high patient and surgeon satisfaction. The authors conducted a retrospective study to investigate the benefits of hypnosis in supplementing local anesthesia. ⋯ Successful hypnosis as an adjunct sedation procedure to conscious intravenous sedation provided better pain and anxiety relief than conventional intravenous sedation and allowed for a significant reduction in midazolam and alfentanil requirements. Patient satisfaction was significantly improved.
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Regional anesthesia · Mar 1995
Comparative Study Clinical TrialPostoperative myocardial ischemia: epidural versus intravenous patient-controlled analgesia. A pilot project.
Continuous postoperative epidural analgesia with bupivacaine (BUP) and morphine (MS) may be associated with a decreased incidence of postoperative myocardial ischemia (ISCH) and infarction (MI). This study evaluated the incidence of ISCH and MI in patients with two or more risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) who were admitted to the ICU after upper abdominal surgery for cancer. ⋯ These preliminary results suggest that epidural anesthesia and analgesia may decrease the incidence of postoperative tachycardia, ischemia, and possibly infarction in patients undergoing upper abdominal procedures.