Revista brasileira de anestesiologia
-
Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2006
[A transversal study on preoperative anxiety in children: use of the modified Yale scale.].
Scales can be useful to recognize anxiety states and to indicate ways to prevent complications due to elevated levels of anxiety. The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (YPAS-m) was developed to evaluate anxiety in preschool children at the time of the anesthetic induction. It is an observational scale, being applied and completed in a short period of time. Studies on anxiety in children in the preoperative period do not mention anxiety at the preanesthetic evaluation. This transversal study tried to evaluate the level and prevalence of anxiety at the preanesthetic evaluation and in the clinical evaluation using the YPAS-m in preschool children. ⋯ In children between 2 and 7 years the levels and prevalence of anxiety, evaluated by the YPAS-m, at the time of the outpatient preanesthetic evaluation are higher than at the time of the clinical evaluation.
-
Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2006
[Postoperative analgesia for orthopedic surgeries of the hip and femur: a comparison between psoas compartment and inguinal paravascular blocks.].
This study evaluated the efficacy of a single injection of 0.25% bupivacaine in the psoas compartment or inguinal paravascular for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries using a peripheral nerve stimulator. ⋯ Psoas compartment block and inguinal paravascular block are excellent techniques for postoperative analgesia in orthopedic surgeries, decreasing the need for opioids. This study showed that the injection in the psoas compartment was easier and more effective in blocking the five nerves of the lumbar plexus.
-
Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2006
[Neurological complications and damage of regional block in children under general anesthesia: a real problem or sporadic cases?].
It has been questioned whether regional block in children, which most of the time is done under general anesthesia, is really safe. There is the potential risk of permanent or temporary neurological damage when the patient cannot complain of eventual paresthesia or pain while the block is being performed, making anesthesiologists very insecure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of neurological complications and damage of regional block in children under general anesthesia. ⋯ The results of this study are similar to those found by other authors regarding the low prevalence of complications of regional block in children under general anesthesia, without the occurrence of permanent neurological damage. This can be attributed to the use of adequate material and the experience of the anesthesia team.
-
Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2006
[Hypobaric 0.15% bupivacaine versus hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine for posterior (dorsal) spinal block in outpatient anorectal surgery.].
The aim of this study was to study low dose hypobaric 0.15% bupivacaine and hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine in outpatient anorectal surgical procedures. ⋯ Anorectal surgical procedures under spinal block with low dose bupivacaine, hyperbaric or hypobaric, can be safely done.
-
Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2006
[Comparison among three techniques of postoperative regional analgesia with ropivacaine in children.].
Postoperative pain increases cost and generates dissatisfaction among parents regarding to the analgesics prescribed to their children. Ropivacaine has a broad safety margin to be used for regional block in pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to compare caudal epidural block (CE) with ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block (IINB) and infiltration of surgical wound (ISW) with ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia in children. ⋯ Ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block was superior to ISW, especially in the first two hours after the surgery. The three anesthetic techniques can be safely and effectively used to control postoperative pain in inguinal herniorrhaphy in children.