Revista brasileira de anestesiologia
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2007
[Oxygen concentrators: evolution of inspired concentration of oxygen and repercussions in an anesthetized patient with CO2 absorber system. Pilot study.].
Resolution 1355/92 of the Conselho Federal de Medicina approved minimal standards for the installation and operation of oxygen concentrators (PSA) and recommended University Hospitals to undertake a prospective analysis in order to improve the system. It motivated this pilot study whose objective was to determine the clinical viability of using PSA oxygen by analyzing the variation in oxygen concentration in the fresh gas flow (FGF) outlet and in the inspired concentration of oxygen. ⋯ This study demonstrated that the use of PSA oxygen, within the conditions proposed for the experiment, is safe and induced a progressive increase in O(2)93 in the FGF and of FiO2.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2007
[Evaluation of the aorta-to-radial artery pressure gradient in patients undergoing surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.].
Several studies have demonstrated a significant difference between the aortic and radial artery pressures in patients on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the behavior of the aorta-to-radial artery pressure gradient during myocardial revascularization (MR) with CPB and its correlation with the systemic vascular resistance. ⋯ Measurement of the radial artery pressure underestimated, systematically, the arterial pressure at the root of the aorta after CPB and the SVRI did not provide an accurate estimate of the magnitude of the aorta-to-radial artery pressure gradient.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2007
[Lactate as a predictor of mortality and multiple organ failure in patients with the systemic inflammatory response syndrome.].
The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is common in the postoperative period of critically ill patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between lactate level, multiple organ dysfunction, and mortality in patients with SIRS. ⋯ Patients with elevated lactate in the first 24 hours after the diagnosis of SIRS did not have more organic dysfunction than patients with normal lactate levels, but they had an increased risk of death in 7 days.
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The axillary artery is the anatomical reference, in the surface, for axillary brachial plexus block. Anatomic studies suggest variability in the location of the structures in the brachial plexus in relation to the axillary artery. These variations can hinder blocks by neurostimulation. The ultrasound allows the identification of the structures within the brachial plexus(1). The objective of this report was to describe the position of the nerves in the brachial plexus in relation to the axillary artery. ⋯ Real-time ultrasound inspection of the neurovascular structures of the brachial plexus in the axilla demonstrated that the median, ulnar and radial nerves have different relations with the axillary artery.
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Rev Bras Anestesiol · Dec 2007
[Evaluating the use of the tobin index when weaning patients from mechanical ventilation after general anesthesia.].
The predictive index for discontinuing mechanical ventilation is a prognostic parameter. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the Tobin index before tracheal extubation in patients undergoing general anesthesia. ⋯ Weaning patients off mechanical ventilation in the postoperative period with a Tobin Index > 80 c.L-1.min-1 and < 100 c.L-1.min-1 was associated with elevated risk of postoperative clinical intercurrences after extubation. Patients with a Tobin index > 80 c.L-1.min, advanced age and increased body weight were independent variables of risk of failure to discontinue mechanical ventilation.