Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských
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Hip fractures are ranked among the frequent injuries. These fractures have been often coupled with high energy trauma in children and in patients with normal bone structure, low energy trauma and osteoporotic fracture (fragility fracture) is typical in elder patients. Hip fractures are divided into five groups: femoral head fracture, femoral neck fracture, pertrochanteric, intertrochateric and subtrochanteric fracture. ⋯ Subtrochanteric fractures can be fixed also intramedullary (nails - PFN long, PFN A long) and extramedullary (plates - DCS dynamic condylar screw, proximal femoral LCP - locking compression plate). Open reduction with internal plate fixation is advantageous for pathological fractures, as biopsy sampling can be performed. Hip fracture rehabilitation is integral part of the treatment, including walking on crutches or with a walker with partial weight bearing for at least six weeks.
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Casopís lékar̆ů c̆eských · Jan 2013
[Irreversible electroporation: local, non-thermal, ablation therapy of malignant tumours].
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new method of local therapy of malign tumours based on bioelectric effect of electrical current. Short electric pulses with high voltage create nano size-pores in tumour cell membranes resulting in apoptosis of the exposed cells. The purpose of our study was to verify the IRE technique performed percutaneously under CT navigation and to assess effects of application of this method in early stages of primary and secondary hepatic, pancreatic, renal and pulmonary tumours. ⋯ IRE is a new, mini-invasive therapeutic method applicable to local treatment of malignant tumours in cases where surgical approach is technically unfeasible or excessively risky. On the basis of first experience in a small cohort of patients IRE performed under CT navigation appears to be an effective and safe ablation method with a large therapeutic potential. Its results will however need to be assessed within a longer time horizon and in a larger cohort of population.